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The state of American manufacturing: The failure of Trump’s trade and economic policies


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2019 Feb 16, 4:46am   1,929 views  15 comments

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Separating fact from fiction is always tough when listening to President Trump, who lives in his own, fact-free fantasy-world. This is particularly so when it comes to trade and manufacturing. Here are a few key points on that topic to keep in mind when listening to his State of the Union address. There’s a lot that can be done to create millions of good manufacturing jobs for working Americans, but not the way this president is going about it.

•The trade deficit is growing more than twice as fast as the overall economy, because of the Trump administration’s trade and economic policies. The total U.S. goods trade deficit has increased 18.1 percent since 2016, and our trade deficit with China has grown even faster, 20.5 percent in the same period (annual estimates, based on year to date trade through October). Growing trade deficits over the past two decades are the single largest cause of the loss of roughly 5 million U.S. manufacturing jobs.

•The Trump administration has failed to end currency manipulation and dollar misalignment, despite Trump’s promise to name China a currency manipulator on day one upon taking office. Currency misalignment is the single largest cause of growing U.S. trade deficits. U.S. trade can be rebalanced, creating millions of good manufacturing jobs, by lowering the value of the dollar by about 25 percent. The failure to end currency misalignment is a major cause of GM’s recent decision to close 5 manufacturing plants and outsource production, eliminating 12,000 jobs, and Ford’s plan to reduce its workforce by 12 percent, eliminating 24,000 jobs.

•Trump’s massive tax cuts (for corporations and the wealthy) and spending increases are expanding the federal budget deficit, pushing up the value of the dollar and the U.S. trade deficit. The dollar has increased 20 percent since 2013, including 5 percent in 2018 alone. As a result, the IMF now predicts that the broadest measure of the U.S. trade deficit will nearly double between 2017 and 2022. Growing trade deficits will decimate manufacturing over the next few years, and could push the United States into a recession.

•Trump’s trade deals with Mexico and Canada and the negotiations with China will not fix our trade problems. The new tax bill encourages firms to outsource more jobs by reducing taxes paid when firms outsource production. The labor and environmental restrictions in the new NAFTA deal must be made strictly enforceable, or it will simply encourage more outsourcing. And the NAFTA deal grants drug-makers new powers to block generic competition and to lock in high medicine prices.

•Negotiations with China also seek to lock down increased protections for the intellectual property and profits of U.S. multinationals, but this will just encourage them to outsource more production to China. And China has already played its ace-in-the-hole in the trade war with the United States, lowering the value of its currency by 10 percent since April of 2018, more than offsetting the impacts of Trump’s tariffs on trade flows. As a result, the U.S. trade deficit with China recently reached an all-time high, despite Trump’s China tariffs.

•The most important cause of growing U.S. trade deficits and manufacturing job losses is not faulty trade deals, but a misaligned dollar. A handful of countries with substantially undervalued currencies have been running large, structural trade surpluses for several decades. This hurts workers in many countries that have persistently large trade deficits, including the United Kingdom, Canada, Mexico as well as the United States. The surplus countries are China, the European Union (especially Germany and the Netherlands), Japan, and Korea, plus a handful of countries that have engaged in persistent currency manipulation including Denmark, Singapore, Switzerland, and Taiwan.

So what should the United States be doing instead?

The single most important step we can take to rebuild manufacturing is to rebalance trade by realigning the U.S. dollar. There are several ways this can be achieved. In 1985, the last time this was done, Congress worked with the administration to encourage our trading partners to negotiate the Plaza Accord, an agreement to realign currencies. If a similar effort were to fail, Congress could authorize the U.S. Treasury and the Federal Reserve to sell dollars in global markets to reduce the currency’s value to a competitive level. Or, we can impose a tax on purchases by foreign governments and investors of dollar-denominated financial assets.

Lastly, Congress should not be pressured into approving trade deals unless they achieve enforceable labor and environmental standards that can be quickly implemented. Likewise, new agreements should not be approved if they increase the incentives to outsource production from the United States. It is time for a new approach to trade, one based on a clear assessment of its implications for jobs and production in the United States.

https://www.epi.org/blog/the-state-of-american-manufacturing-the-failure-of-trumps-trade-and-economic-policies/

#Trade #TradeDeficit #ChinaTrade #Globalization #Economics

Comments 1 - 15 of 15        Search these comments

1   MisdemeanorRebel   2019 Feb 16, 4:49am  

You know how you stop imports from expanding along with wages and the economy generally?

MOAR Tariffs.
2   anonymous   2019 Feb 16, 4:51am  

Speed readers in abundance today on the forum
3   MisdemeanorRebel   2019 Feb 16, 4:56am  

I speed read to EPI. It's so cute how they are positively 70s in believing Money Policy is everything and a weak dollar will cure all ills.
4   anonymous   2019 Feb 16, 4:59am  

MisterLearnToCode says
I speed read to EPI


Much better than reacting and typing to headlines or requiring pictures/cartoons to understand an article.
5   MisdemeanorRebel   2019 Feb 16, 5:06am  

The single most important step we can take to rebuild manufacturing is to rebalance trade by realigning the U.S. dollar. There are several ways this can be achieved.


Literally the recommendaton in the piece. So yeah, my summary is accurate.

Quaint Monetary Fiddling in an environment of Tariff and Non-Tariff Trade Barriers (all one sided).

Mine is "If you take $1 in Federal Money, you can't manufacture cars for the US market abroad."

Mercantilism turned Britain from a Backwater to the initiator of the Industrial Revolution.
6   MisdemeanorRebel   2019 Feb 16, 6:02am  

Elgatouno says
Do you have a better solution to get that trade deficit down? Trump is obviously failing.



What was Obama's strategy?

Oh yeah, those jobs aren't coming back.
7   Misc   2019 Feb 16, 6:06am  

Obviously, China doesn't believe that increased tariffs increase the trade deficit the US has with it, otherwise they would be clamoring for higher tariffs on more of its goods.
8   anonymous   2019 Feb 16, 6:06am  

MisterLearnToCode says
Oh yeah, those jobs aren't coming back.


New flash - they are not coming back with the Dotard either.

Screaming MAGA and WINNING hysterically is not going to do the trick, nor is giving down votes to every article you see that does not agree with you.

Automation and the resulting productivity improvements will negate the need for new jobs and will actually result in less manufacturing jobs as time marches on.
9   RC2006   2019 Feb 16, 8:53am  

Tariffs cause short term pain for long term gain, just like in the 70s-80s the reverse could be said. Americans would be better off if half the material shit was more expensive anyways landfills would be happy. We need to get away from the brain washing to constantly consume and increase debt as a country, start enjoying just spending time with our family and friends.
There was a time the things we bought lasted decades.
10   MisdemeanorRebel   2019 Feb 16, 12:24pm  

Elgatouno says
Be honest, the only way manufacturing jobs are coming back is if robots do them.


Kakistocracy says
New flash - they are not coming back with the Dotard either.




Forbes: The Trump Manufacturing Jobs Boom: 10 Times Obama's Over 21 Months
https://www.forbes.com/sites/chuckdevore/2018/10/16/the-trump-manufacturing-jobs-boom-10-times-obamas-over-21-months/#1819d9695850

Economist: Manufacturing Jobs Defying Expectations (It's just a coincidence, Goddamnit!)
https://www.economist.com/united-states/2018/10/18/manufacturing-jobs-are-defying-expectations

Manufacturing Growing under Trump
https://www.forbes.com/sites/chuckdevore/2019/01/04/312000-jobs-added-in-december-manufacturing-growing-714-faster-under-trump-than-obama/#7ccd07b5b50e
11   MrMagic   2019 Feb 16, 12:52pm  

MisterLearnToCode says
Elgatouno says
Be honest, the only way manufacturing jobs are coming back is if robots do them.


Kakistocracy says
New flash - they are not coming back with the Dotard either.




Forbes: The Trump Manufacturing Jobs Boom: 10 Times Obama's Over 21 Months
https://www.forbes.com/sites/chuckdevore/2018/10/16/the-trump-manufacturing-jobs-boom-10-times-obamas-over-21-months/#1819d9695850

Economist: Manufacturing Jobs Defying Expectations (It's just a coincidence, Goddamnit!)


OUCH!!!

Can you say "Smack Down"?
12   anonymous   2019 Feb 16, 12:55pm  

To the respondent for comment 13.



Now I remember why I didn't seek commentary from you - you are on ignore....
13   MrMagic   2019 Feb 16, 12:57pm  

Kakistocracy says
To the respondent for comment 13.


Still hiding like a little girl, I see!

14   anonymous   2019 Feb 16, 12:59pm  

Why record job growth in America hides a troubling reality - High employment rates gloss over a ‘much more complicated story’ of stagnant wages and vanishing mid-level jobs

January marked the 100th consecutive month of job creation in the United States – a record breaking streak of job creation that has left employers scrambling to find workers and dragged the long-term unemployed back into the market.

Yet even now, 20m jobs later, there are some parts of the US economy that have yet to reflect the positive image projected by the continuous job growth and low unemployment rate.

“That we’ve had the unemployment rate at or below 4% since last February is obviously historically remarkable,” said Mark Hamrick, senior economic analyst at Bankrate.com. “But the composition of the workforce or employment obviously paints a much more complicated story.”

What troubles analysts like Hamrick, as well as the central bankers at the Federal Reserve, is the fact that the US economy is now dominated by high skill, high wage jobs and low skill, low wage jobs. Gone are many of the middle skill, middle wage jobs and that, said Hamrick, a trend that has led to “not only the economic divisiveness of our country but to some degree the political divisiveness”. Take manufacturing for example, where about 25% of jobs have disappeared over the last two decades thanks to globalization and automation.

It isn’t just middle wage jobs that are missing from this job market. There is also the mystery of stagnant wages. Even as jobs were added, the one thing that remained mostly the same for large part of those 100 months were the wages. In December, wages were up 3.2% from a year earlier, their largest gain since 2008 but nothing to boast about. In January growth slipped to 3.1%. According to the Economic Policy Institute (EPI), a left-leaning thinktank, wages would have to grow between 3.5% to 4% for average workers to really feel an impact.

The wage growth figures, particularly in the early part of the recovery, should have come with “a sad trombone sound effect” said Hamrick. That low wage growth will be one of the main things people remember about this recovery, he added.

If anyone needed a reminder that many Americans live paycheck to paycheck while working full-time, the past month should have done the job. The 35-day government shutdown led to two missed paycheck for about 800,000 workers and many of them had to rely on food banks for their meals, deferred some of their bills and skipped payments on those they couldn’t cover. A recent survey by Bankrate.com found that just 40% of US households have enough money to cover a $1,000 in emergency expenses.

Another survey found that 62% of employees received no salary increase in 2018 and just 25% were determined to look for a better job this year.

All these dark clouds seem counterintuitive to the numbers coming out of the Department of Labor each month. When the labor market is tight – meaning the unemployment rate is low and fewer people are looking for jobs – the bargaining power is supposed to be in the hands of the workers. The employers competing to fill empty jobs are supposed to be offering better wages and benefits to attract the best candidates. Low unemployment rate number is also supposed to make workers optimistic about their chances of getting a new, better paying job. And yet the shadow of the Great Recession still seems to loom large over America’s workers.

People are still scared and mainly want job security, according to Elise Gould, senior economist at EPI.

“A little bit of what happened is that in the recession, employers got a lot more bargaining power and strength because workers really needed to try to have whatever job that they could get and some of that’s left over,” she explained. “Employers think they should be able to get whoever they want at those lower wages. And I think that that will turn around, but it’s surprising that it hasn’t yet given the unemployment rate that we’re at today.”

Gould pointed out that the unemployment rate only considers people who are actively looking for work. It does not count people who are working part time but want full-time jobs or those long-term unemployed who have stopped looking but are available to work. The rate that does count all of them is called U-6. In January, that number was 8.1% – double the unemployment rate which was 4%.

The current labor market is still improving and has brought some optimism to the long-term unemployed.

“You see them coming back into the labor market every month,” said Gould. And their return is often a successful one. “The one series that is under-appreciated is the share of newly employed workers who said they were not actively searching for work in the previous month. That is at a historic high. You have more than seven in 10 newly employed workers this month that were not actually looking for a job last month.”

But it’s not just workers who are skeptical of how good the current job market actually is. Some employers, especially small business owners, also struggle to see the bright side.

“It must be a great job market for somebody else, because I’m not seeing it,” said Kathy Warnick, the president and owner of Warnick Consultants, an accounting consulting company that helps clients set up and maintain bookkeeping systems. For the past four years, Warnick has struggled to fill two spots in her business. While her business is short-staffed, Warnick spends days in the field working with her clients and evenings and weekends poring over resumes that often lead nowhere.

“I literally cannot find anybody,” she said. “If I actually get them interested enough to schedule an appointment for an interview, they frequently don’t show up. They don’t call. I’ve actually hired somebody who completely ghosted me. Never showed up for the first day of work. If I am fortunate enough to actually get somebody to come to work for me, they don’t stay long because there is a company out there who can offer them just one more benefit than I can.”

Warnick, who is based in Ohio, is not the only one who has experience this. Last year, she was the national chair of the board of the National Association of Women Business Owners. “I talk to members all over the country and there they’re experiencing the same issue,” she said.

The trend even caught the attention of the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, which noted in December that a number of businesses “said that they had been ‘ghosted’, a situation in which a worker stops coming to work without notice and then is impossible to contact”.

ManpowerGroup, a workforce solutions company, has found that the hardest jobs to fill right now are in skilled trades like plumbing and welding, followed by tow truck drivers. To get a leg up on other employers, some companies are trying to come up with creative perks to lure workers.

“We have a client that’s offering NFL Sunday ticket as a perk,” said Becky Frankiewicz, ManpowerGroup’s North America president. “So it’s not just about wages, it’s also about what perks can you offer that reinforce your culture.”

“Is it a good job market? Yeah, for the employee certainly. Not for the employer,” said Warnick.

https://www.theguardian.com/business/2019/feb/02/america-record-job-growth-economics-wage-stagnation
15   anonymous   2019 Feb 16, 1:09pm  

Best U.S. Job Numbers Ever? Not If You’re Out of Work for a Year

President Donald Trump said in his State of the Union speech last week that the labor market’s strength is evidence of an “unprecedented economic boom,” adding to his frequent boasts that include a tweet about the “best jobs numbers” in U.S. history.

Yet by one key measure, far from a boom, the labor market hasn’t even returned to a normal state. Over the past 12 months, the share of unemployed people out of work for 52 weeks or longer has averaged 13.2 percent -- higher than at almost any point in data from 1976 to 2008.



While the figure is down from a record 31.4 percent in 2011, it topped out at 12.8 percent in the 1990s and 2000s expansions during the presidencies of Bill Clinton and George W. Bush. In fact, during those years, it fell as low as 5.9 percent, meaning that within the pool of unemployed, people took less time to find a job.

The data illustrate how the labor market still has room to recover from the global financial crisis and deepest recession since the Great Depression. Taken another way, the silver lining is that the U.S. may be able to keep creating jobs for some time without spurring the kind of wage pressures that would push the Federal Reserve to raise interest rates again.

Another way of looking at the data shows how Americans out of work for a year or longer are skewing higher the average duration of unemployment. That figure stood at 20.5 weeks in January, which while down from a record 40.7 weeks in 2011, is the same as the high point in the 2000s expansion.



The blue line on the above chart represents the median duration of unemployment, with the latest tally of 8.9 weeks in line with levels during the 2000s expansion. That indicates that about half of unemployed Americans have spent more than two months looking for work.

The data on the long-term unemployed support the view that the economy “is not yet close to the cycle peak and that the recession probability remains low,” said Yelena Shulyatyeva, senior U.S. economist at Bloomberg Economics. “Payroll gains could remain apace with the recent trend without causing a flare up in wage inflation, although we do expect wages to continue to gradually improve.”

She pointed out that the employment-population ratio, another broad gauge of the labor market, has only recovered about half of its decline from the previous cycle’s peak and “has proven to be superior to the official unemployment rate as a predictor of wage-growth trends in the current cycle.”

https://www.bloomberg.com/markets/fixed-income

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