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Where you sleep most
Where your spouse lives
Where your personal belongings are
Where doctors, clubs, churches are
Where you vote
Where cars are registered
Where your primary home is
You do not have to spend all your time in the new state — but you must:
Spend more time there than anywhere else
Spend less than ~45–60 days/year in CA/NY (practical safe zone)
Low-tax states require:
Physical presence
Proof of habitation
Local ties
High-tax states require:
Proof you actually left
People lose because they:
Keep their old home
Keep doctors & social life
Keep returning “for a bit”
Underestimate digital trails
Believe tax-planner myths
California in particular has a dedicated residency audit unit.
To gain low-tax residency:
Physically relocate
Buy or rent a real home
Change driver’s license
Register vehicles
Move voter registration
Change doctors & banks
Update estate documents
Sever social & business ties
Spend minimal time in former state
States look at cell phone pings, credit card swipes, flight records, tolls.
NC has a flat 3.99% rate, down from 4.25% last year. I didn't see it in the list.
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Alaska – 0%
Florida – 0%
Nevada – 0%
South Dakota – 0%
Tennessee – 0%
Texas – 0%
Washington – 0%
Wyoming – 0%
New Hampshire – 0% on wages (taxes only interest/dividends)
States with the lowest top marginal income tax rates (among taxing states)
State Top Marginal Rate
North Dakota 2.5%
Arizona 2.5%
Indiana 3.0%
Louisiana 3.0%
Pennsylvania 3.07% (flat)
Ohio 3.5%
Iowa 3.8%
Arkansas 3.9%
Kentucky 4.0%
Colorado 4.4% (flat)
Mississippi 4.4%
Michigan 4.3%
Oklahoma 4.8%
West Virginia 4.8%
Utah 4.6%
Illinois 4.95% (flat)
Massachusetts 5.0% (flat)
Alabama 5.0%
Nebraska 5.2%
Georgia 5.4%
Maryland 5.75%
Virginia 5.75%
New Mexico 5.9%
Montana 5.9%
Rhode Island 6.0%
South Carolina 6.2%
Delaware 6.6%
Connecticut 6.99%
States with the highest top marginal income tax rates
State Top Marginal Rate
Minnesota 9.9%
Oregon 9.9%
Massachusetts (in some high brackets) 9.0%
New Jersey 10.75%
District of Columbia 10.8%
New York 10.9%
Hawaii 11.0%
California 13.3% (highest)