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In Debt We Trust


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2005 Jul 18, 7:36pm   18,949 views  185 comments

by HARM   ➕follow (0)   💰tip   ignore  

It seems that Americans have become permanently addicted to debt –and not just housing debt, either. The savings rate in the U.S. has now fallen to virtually zero, for the first time since they began recording it in 1947. That’s right folks-- zip, nada, bupkis: tinyurl.com/czwm8. The total household debt load for Americans is also at the highest level in recorded history: tinyurl.com/c4s97. For most people alive today, living in debt is neither shameful nor unusual, as it was to generations past. It’s become the new American way of life.

So who’s to blame… the debtors? Whatever happened to concepts like thrift, fiscal responsibility and “living within your means”? Did anyone force you to use your cash-out refi to buy another 50” plasma & trip to Europe? And what about the lenders –are they totally blameless? The very institutions that prop up the economy (Fed, banks, CC companies) not only don’t discourage people from over-consumption, they actively encourage it and seem to do everything possible to increase it.

Is it really fair to label Americans as (mostly) a bunch of over-consuming, hedonistic spoiled brats? Are traditional notions about thrift merely quaint and old-fashioned (pre-MasterCard = pre-historic)? Is perpetually rising debt meaningless in the new global credit-based economy? Is this really a sustainable “New Paradigm” of debt and consumption-driven prosperity and there’s no going back?

Or, are we slowly consuming the collective legacy of generations past, present and future, leaving little but IOUs to pass along to future generations? If so, can the tide ever be turned, with or without a financial calamity on the scale of another Great Depression? Can the ethics of thrift and self-sacrifice ever return to American culture, or are they just obsolete artifacts of a bygone era?

HARM

#housing

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89   Peter P   2005 Jul 19, 4:43pm  

SactoQt, it is an impossible task. Those lemmings have trouble understanding the situation even if you use plain English. They will probably leave when you show them numbers and equations.

90   Peter P   2005 Jul 19, 4:46pm  

Maybe your husband should go dressed as a matador.

No, the Greenspan costume will be more effective.

91   SQT15   2005 Jul 19, 4:51pm  

Personally, I think the numbers will go in one ear and out the other.

This reminds me of a tech bubble story too. My husband had a client who wanted to put all her money into a risky tech stock at the height of the bubble. He urged her not too, but she wouldn't listen. She told my husband "I have a friend who made tons of money on Cisco, this is MY Cisco." Of course she lost nearly every penny she put into this stock. The most frustrating part is my husband can't even say "I told you so." Well, he could, but he's nicer than I am and doesn't do it.

92   Peter P   2005 Jul 19, 5:04pm  

Personally, I think the numbers will go in one ear and out the other.

If they even go in at all. I can imagine them covering their ears and say, LA LA LA LA LA.

93   SQT15   2005 Jul 19, 5:08pm  

Lol

They'll probably do that when someone try's to low-ball a bid on their property too.

94   Peter P   2005 Jul 19, 5:10pm  

FogHorn, thanks for your story. It illustrates that the past downturn was more than a minor correction.

Each round of the bubble musical chairs does leave permanent damage in the system, though. Tech stock bubble = lost retirements of millions of folks.

But each round also makes some people wealthy, at least for a while. Most people care only about the upside and ignore the downside completely. They look only at people with million dollar homes who drive Escalade bought with home equity and they fail to realize the risks.

Well, I tried to caution one of my other friend and he said, "I have nothing to lose." Perhaps credit and integrity do not mean anything anymore.

95   SQT15   2005 Jul 19, 5:12pm  

He actually said he had nothing to lose? Does no one care about their credit rating anymore? Or has lending gotten so loose that it doesn't matter?

96   Peter P   2005 Jul 19, 5:13pm  

They’ll probably do that when someone try’s to low-ball a bid on their property too.

Someone from another blog actually suggest going out and low-balling houses that are on the market for a while. :)

But I do not waste my time or my agent's time. Also, I fear that the bid might actually get acceptable. I will be doomed.

97   SQT15   2005 Jul 19, 5:17pm  

Someone from another blog actually suggest going out and low-balling houses that are on the market for a while.

That sounds like that game you play as a kid where you ring someone's doorbell and then run away. Fun until you get caught.

98   Peter P   2005 Jul 19, 5:19pm  

He actually said he had nothing to lose? Does no one care about their credit rating anymore? Or has lending gotten so loose that it doesn’t matter?

With Fog-a-mirror loans, credit rating is as old a concept as Newtonian physics. In the Quantum Age, even dead people can get loans.

99   Peter P   2005 Jul 19, 5:22pm  

However, low-balling can be a strategy when you are ready to buy.

The goal is to play psychological games with the seller until he falls apart. Sounds cruel? They are pretty much doing the same to buyers in bidding wars nowadays.

100   SQT15   2005 Jul 19, 5:24pm  

What about the aftermath when people's credit is ruined? Do you think the bank's will keep overlooking bad credit? We've talked about banks eventually having to tighten lending standards. Do you think that will happen sooner or later?

101   SQT15   2005 Jul 19, 5:25pm  

Having been on the buying end in a sellers market, I have no pity for a seller who falls apart.

102   Peter P   2005 Jul 19, 5:27pm  

Do you think the bank’s will keep overlooking bad credit?

When the stuff hits the fan, any imperfection in the credit history can be detrimental. People still think that the same credit standard will apply regardless. This is a dangerous assumption.

I think lending standard is already being tightened. This may be why there are more transaction fall-throughs recently. I am not sure about this though.

103   Peter P   2005 Jul 19, 5:29pm  

I have to call it the night. Getting late. "See" you all tomorrow.

104   Zephyr   2005 Jul 19, 9:01pm  

Of course the banks and credit card companies encourage people to use their product! Why would anyone with an IQ of more than their age be surprised by this?

So many people borrow “too much” but who is to blame? Most people eat too much for their own good as well. Should we blame that on the supermarket for selling so much food? …for offering special deals and cheap calories?

Everyone must be responsible for their own actions. Many people are fools. Why look for some conspiracy when the answer is obvious. No matter what we do there will be fools who have no self control and will eat their way to obesity and borrow their way to financial weakness.

Food is cheap. Credit is cheap. Of course people over consume them. In a time of unprecedented prosperity it is very easy to do these things.

105   Peter P   2005 Jul 20, 1:45am  

I don’t agree with bond bulls that deflation is coming. I was in deflation cample last year, but now don’t see any way for bond and housing bubbles to unwind without double digit inflation.

News, why is that?

106   Peter P   2005 Jul 20, 1:47am  

I’ve been looking strongly into Forex. I think that might be a smart thing to learn a lot about. It might be a place to play with some small part of a portfolio in the near future.

TWIT, will you take the buy-and-hope approach or the trend-following way?

107   matt_walsh   2005 Jul 20, 2:00am  

Individual bubbles do go bust. The FED could not do much to stop the tech bubble from bursting. The only question is whether they can prop up another bubble to “contain damage”.

I'm reading 'Devil in the Hindmost', a great read on the modern history of speculation. One theme that comes up over and over again is that the swan song of any doomed market is when investors shrug and think "this is too big to fail".

108   Peter P   2005 Jul 20, 2:03am  

If you think about the high priced counties like San Mateo and Marin, they are the same “money volume” (volumeXprice) as last year that indicates the top.

Yes, this indicates that the money flow into real estate is not increasing. Also, there is divergence between price and volume, indicating a non-continuation of trend.

109   Peter P   2005 Jul 20, 2:05am  

matt_walsh, that book is fund to read, no?

The "too big to fail" line of thinking is truly flawed because The Roman Empire failed even though it was too big. Moral decay did it on.

110   matt_walsh   2005 Jul 20, 2:19am  

If anyone flies on SouthWest in the near future you must look at their in-flight magazine. It gives condolences to those not in the market, stories of people who bought in 1948 and now have $1,000,000 in equity, and talks about ways to get in the market. My favorite part was how lovingly they portray the condo conversion market.

111   Peter P   2005 Jul 20, 2:26am  

It gives condolences to those not in the market, stories of people who bought in 1948 and now have $1,000,000 in equity, and talks about ways to get in the market.

Have you counted how many condo ads (Las Vegas, Miami) in the magazine?

112   Peter P   2005 Jul 20, 2:42am  

BTW, if you had invested in 2000 shares of BRK.A in 1965 (cost = $30000 total) and not do a single thing, you will have more than 165,000,000 (yes, 9 digits) in equity. A house costs about 30K in 1965, right?

113   Peter P   2005 Jul 20, 2:46am  

Gee, my grammer is bad today.

114   HARM   2005 Jul 20, 2:59am  

Harm is either very perceptive, or he’s peeking.

Thanks, TWIT. Not sure what this was for though --was it the "head-and shoulders" comment?

Harm, were you an english major?

*Gulp* Yes. I hope revealing this doesn't bring down the wrath of Escaped from DC! Even worse --I don't change my own oil!! (In my defense, I do know how, I just don't want to dispose of it, or worse -pollute.)

115   HARM   2005 Jul 20, 3:12am  

One theme that comes up over and over again is that the swan song of any doomed market is when investors shrug and think “this is too big to fail”.

Matt,

Have you seen our previous thread of the same name?

116   Peter P   2005 Jul 20, 3:59am  

Fake P, at 10% a year ("historical" stock return) 30K in 1965 would have become 1.35M.

In 1969, DOW was about 174 (dividend-adjusted), it is now over 10000. 30K would have grown to 1.7M.

Anyway you look at it, even a diversified stock portfolio would have out-performed home investment by a large margin in less time.

117   Peter P   2005 Jul 20, 4:00am  

However, you could try to name me a house that was bought in 1965 and sold in 2005 that didn’t make substantial amount of money.

Any house in the middle of the country that was destroyed by a natural disaster. Many of such houses were uninsured.

118   HARM   2005 Jul 20, 4:25am  

Excerpt from interview with Robert Schiller: tinyurl.com/69tqv

The notion that home prices always go up is very strong, and very wrong.

It is true that, for the United States as a whole, real home prices were 66 percent higher in 2004 than in 1890, according to the index my research assistants and I have put together. But all of that increase occurred in two brief periods: the time right after World War II and since 1998.

Other than those two periods, real home prices overall have been mostly flat or declining. Moreover, the overall increase, including the booms, is not very impressive -- 0.4 percent a year.

Why then do so many people have the impression that home prices have done so well? People remember the prior purchase price of a home from long ago and are surprised at the difference between then and now. In closing out the estate of an elderly person, one may be surprised to see that he purchased a house in 1948 for $16,000 and that the estate sold the house in 2004 for $190,000.

The appearance is that the investment in the house did extremely well. But the consumer price index rose eightfold between 1948 and 2004, so the real increase in value was only 48 percent, or less than 1 percent a year.

119   HARM   2005 Jul 20, 5:08am  

Highlights from Fed Charman Alan Greenspan's testimony to Congress this morning.

Sources: Ben Jones & Bloomberg
tinyurl.com/ccrpg
tinyurl.com/a7g7k

"History cautions that long periods of relative stability often engender unrealistic expectations of its permanence and, at times, may lead to financial excess and economic stress."

Greenspeak translation: Bubbles burst

"Such perceptions, many observers believe, are contributing to the boom in home prices and creating some associated risks. And, certainly, the exceptionally low interest rates on ten-year Treasury notes, and hence on home mortgages, have been a major factor in the recent surge of homebuilding, home turnover, and particularly in the steep climb in home prices."

Greenspeak translation: Gentlemen, we have a Housing Bubble

"Whether home prices on average for the nation as a whole are overvalued relative to underlying determinants is difficult to ascertain. Among other indicators, the significant rise in purchases of homes for investment since 2001 seems to have charged some regional markets with speculative fervor."

Greenspeak translation: Get lubed up

"We certainly cannot rule out declines in home prices, especially in some local markets. If declines were to occur, they likely would be accompanied by some economic stress, though the macroeconomic implications need not be substantial."

Greenspeak translation: I recommend KY

"Nationwide banking and widespread securitization of mortgages make financial intermediation less likely to be impaired than it was in some previous episodes of regional house-price correction. Moreover, a decline in the national housing price level would need to be substantial to trigger a significant rise in foreclosures, because the vast majority of homeowners have built up substantial equity in their homes despite large mortgage- market-financed withdrawals of home equity in recent years."

Greenspeak translation: MBS-holders are screwed

120   Peter P   2005 Jul 20, 5:11am  

Does anyone know of a "retail" way to profit from the widening spread of MBS and the treasury without having to short MBS directly?

121   Peter P   2005 Jul 20, 5:16am  

Waiting in Vegas Says, the time to "LA LA LA LA LA with ears covered" has come for the housing bulls.

122   HARM   2005 Jul 20, 6:56am  

btw-does anyone think they will bring back the push for purchasing items Made in USA like they did last time?

Outside of flimsy, overpriced stucco shitboxes, I wasn't aware that we still made anything here.

123   Zephyr   2005 Jul 20, 7:34am  

HARM: You said "Outside of flimsy, overpriced stucco shitboxes, I wasn’t aware that we still made anything here."

You should gain a better familiarity with the U. S. economy before knocking it. Manufacturing production, while diminished in many sectors, is at an all time high. We no longer make as much of the labor intensive goods, but we still manufacture a massive quantity of goods. Unfortunately for our worker bees the domestic demand for low skilled manufacturing labor is greatly reduced as such production moves to other countries.

You should also learn something about the building industry if you want to provide competent comment. The homes being build today for the masses are of a quality level that surpasses what was generally built in prior decades.

Your satire on Greenspeak is humorous but takes huge license on accuracy.

Your post from Shiller points out a very real fact, that housing (on average) has only outpaced inflation by about 1% per year. Interestingly, when looked at as an investment, the total return (including net rent) on rental housing (with no debt leverage) has been about 1% below the total return of the stock market over the last 50 years. Of course, most real estate investors use debt, and with modest leverage the ROE for real estate blows the stock market away over the same 50 years. Of course, past results are no guarantee of future performance.

124   Peter P   2005 Jul 20, 7:52am  

Of course, most real estate investors use debt, and with modest leverage the ROE for real estate blows the stock market away over the same 50 years. Of course, past results are no guarantee of future performance.

Leverage presence in the stock market too. With derivatives one can easily synthesize a leverage of 5X to 10X.

(Warning, leverage is a double-edged sword. But this is the same for all aset classes.)

125   Peter P   2005 Jul 20, 7:54am  

To avoid margin calls, one can use options or option spreads to leverage without large losses.

(Not investment advice.)

126   Zephyr   2005 Jul 20, 8:03am  

PeterP:

Stocks are far more volatile than residential real estate. Much higher debt can be used used with RE while remaining at a lower risk level than stocks pose. The techniques you mention mitigate risk under most scenarios but can leverage you to the risk of ruin. They also cost money reducing your profit. I am not saying these techniques are inappropriate, only that they are less than perfect.

I have been investing in the stock market for almost 30 years and will likely continue to do so. I have done very well, and was fortunate enough to sell in 1998 before the first decline. I stayed out until March of 2003. I am still in.

Berkshire Hathaway has indeed been a great investment for such a long time. However, over the last 10 years the bloom has been off. It has been fine but nothing like the prior performance that is driving the numbers you cite. But it’s very difficult indeed to make great numbers when you are so big. I still own some BRK, but it has been among the lowest performers in my portfolio during the last 10 years. It is also the only stock that I held through the entire 10 years. Hope springs eternal...

127   Peter P   2005 Jul 20, 8:13am  

Zephyr, I am just saying that leverage is also possible in the stock market. One can also get ruined in the real estate market if leverage is too high, occupancy is too low, and negative cashflow is sustained.

Also, when RE is great stocks are lousy, when stocks are great RE is lousy. They complement each other pretty well under most circumstances.

128   Peter P   2005 Jul 20, 8:15am  

Much higher debt can be used used with RE while remaining at a lower risk level than stocks pose.

I agree, and it is easier to use leverage in RE because values are not marked to market. (i.e. no margin calls)

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