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Should land be free?


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2007 Jan 15, 10:47pm   20,140 views  149 comments

by Different Sean   ➕follow (0)   💰tip   ignore  

Les Miserables

Paying money for land probably stems from feudal arrangements, where land ownership rested in few hands, then ownership was slowly leaked to the masses for a price over many centuries. New World countries appropriated land from the indigenous inhabitants, and then proceeded to parcel it out under much the same arrangements. The centuries-old system of claiming and valuing land title could be called into question.

Henry George, the great American political economist, proposed (more or less) that land should really have no value, but should be taxed according to its use.

If land was free, property bubbles (really land value speculation bubbles) arguably could not occur. Following George, land could be made available for housing, industry, and so on, allocated under planning controls, and taxes levied accordingly. Thus, a house sale price would consist of the labour and materials value of the house, plus some allowance for a land tax. A farm would be taxed on being a farm, a factory a factory, and so on.

Here is a long excerpt from Wikipedia about Henry George:

George lived in California at a time of rapid growth. In particular he had noticed that the construction of railroads in California was pushing up land values and rents as fast or faster than wages were rising.

On a trip to New York City George was struck by the apparent paradox that the poor in that long-established city were much worse off than the poor in less developed California. This paradox supplied the theme and title for his 1879 book Progress and Poverty, which was a huge success, selling over 3 million copies. In it George made the argument that a sizeable portion of the wealth created by social and technological advances in a free market economy is captured by land owners and monopolists via economic rents, and that this concentration of unearned wealth is the root cause of poverty. George considered it a great injustice that private profit was being earned from restricting access to natural resources while productive activity was burdened with heavy taxes, and held that such a system was equivalent to slavery - a concept somewhat similar to wage slavery. The appropriation of oil royalties by magnates of petrol-rich countries may be seen as an equivalent form of rent-seeking activity: since natural resources are given freely by Nature rather than being products of human labor or entrepreneurship, no single individual should be allowed to acquire unearned revenues by monopolizing their commerce. The same holds true about every other mineral and biological raw resource.

Henry George - Wikipedia

I am not suggesting Henry George was always 'right', or that his proposed systems should be adopted wholesale. But should land be free, or valued at a nominally low rate? I suppose I am considering the large planned tracts of suburban residential or commercial land we see daily, not oilfields or goldfields. (Then there is the question of valuing water views...) And I'm more interested in depressing land prices than raising land taxes.

Have at it. There's something here for everyone -- you know who you are. Any mathematical paradoxes put forward will be viewed with the utmost suspicion. Trolls will be tolerated, except when obliterated.

DS

#housing

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13   HARM   2007 Jan 16, 2:58am  

Congratulations on your first thread, Different Sean! Welcome to the wonderful world of moderation. I pretty much have to agree with Randy H, Peter P and most others re: abolishing private property ownership.

Yes, the current system has problems, and the U.S. could use a far more fair, uniform and efficient system of property taxation (witness Prop. 13), but I doubt abolishing private ownership would be the best solution. For one thing, it's not private ownership itself that caused the bubble --it's the Fed irresponsibly dropping interest rates to negative territory (in real terms), reckless abuse of credit issued on margin (110% LTV NINA flippers), a strongly pro-RE speculation bias in the tax code, and the global carry trade (endless stream of foreign-held $USDs for toxic MBS). Oh, and the total disconnect between risk and reward in the mortgage marketplace, thanks to a dereliction of duty by Congress and federal bank regulators. The same Congress and federal regulators we're supposed to trust to "fairly" and "efficiently" ration and distribute land under Georgism.

If land were to come under complete control of the state, there would still have to be *some* way of rationing it, determining it's "value"/price and best use, just like any other scarce resource. People would switch to competing for high-value land with "political currency", as Randy said --i.e. bribery, cronyism, intimidation, etc. And we all know goverment is far better skilled at correctly pricing things that than private enterprise... not.

14   DinOR   2007 Jan 16, 3:27am  

MrSaito,

Excellent points. Sometimes we have a tendency to get wrapped around what's going on at Google, SunMicro etc. and lose sight of the contribution made by the smaller firms. I'm told "we're" the 3rd largest economy on the planet. It's just a shame we don't get treated with the dignity that would seem to warrant?

I didn't want to bring it up earlier b/c I thought it might derail the thread but it now seems appropriate to perhaps mention what is going on w/the Rose Garden here in "stumptown".

Paul Allen was given an unbelievable tax incentive package! (Like he needs one). Increasingly even some of his supporters are questioning the value of what he has brought to the table. The employment, economic development and general "resurgence" of the east side has completely failed to materialize! 2 blocks in from the stadium it still looks like it did before Portland had an NBA team. Yet despite defaulting on debt obligations and attempting to cut ties to the organization he STILL gets favorable tax treatment. Maybe small bus. owners should pool to get a team and show him how it's done?

15   SFWoman   2007 Jan 16, 4:02am  

I think abolishing property rights/ownership would start a war in the US and would be considered a hostile seizure of property (something the colonists didn't like the idea of British soldiers doing). I believe about 70% of Americans are "home owners". People would rise up and overthrow the government. Remember Sean, we all have guns.

(OK, I'll go for it, but only if it's done quickly enough that people will quickly rise up and overthrow THIS administration and then get back to normal).

16   Brand165   2007 Jan 16, 4:06am  

It's ludicrous to assume that the government could do a better job of valuing land than the private market. As Randy points out, how does one accurately separate out the value of the land from the improvements upon it? It is much healthier to tax the capital gains of people and companies. Then your tax policy is aligned with their natural inclination to make more profit.

As far as I'm concerned, property taxes are bullshit. We should eliminate them and more aggressively tax income and capital gains. Appraisers are crooked, and property tax makes no distinction as to the relative wealth of neighbors. Why should a carpenter be punished for making his dwelling more enjoyable? The government should derive no money until wealth changes hands.

But then, I also recommend that we increase taxes on consumables like water, electricity, natural gas and oil. Particularly anything that has a detrimental effect on the environment.

17   Peter P   2007 Jan 16, 4:08am  

Remember Sean, we all have guns.

Did SF try to appeal the defeat of Prop H?

18   Peter P   2007 Jan 16, 4:19am  

As far as I’m concerned, property taxes are bullshit. We should eliminate them and more aggressively tax income and capital gains.

No............

Income and capital gains should not be taxed.

Consumption-based taxation is the way to go. Since living in a home is a form of consumption (paying rent to yourself), it should be taxed accordingly. Renters should be taxed the same way.

19   Peter P   2007 Jan 16, 4:34am  

GC, I told my wife about your stock and she was excited.

20   Peter P   2007 Jan 16, 4:38am  

It is reminded that everyone should examine his/her investment independently and carefully.

GC, please re-examine the word "pump". It implies certain things that may or may not be legal.

I am not a lawyer.

21   DinOR   2007 Jan 16, 4:45am  

Peter P,

I'm not an expert in securities litigation but IF GC were a "registered person" this would definitely be an infraction. If he were technically an "insider" this would constitute an infraction as well. Private parties can be prosecuted if:

They have already established a position (long OR short) and are "touting" (or bad mouthing) the stock on multiple boards/IM's, spam etc. To my understand (at least at this point) GC is compliant but I would definitely be careful. One of the easiest ways for the NASD to police this is matching the touted position to very recently opened accounts! (Like they're the FIRST guys ever to think of this).

NLA

22   Peter P   2007 Jan 16, 4:48am  

DinOR, thanks for the clarification! :)

23   DinOR   2007 Jan 16, 5:10am  

GC,

It's when we get into the gray area of assigning "target prices" is where we get into trouble. Really regardless of our roles. As long as we steer clear of that we won't have any issues.

"If" NAR ever adopts any meaningful self regulation, making statements such as "15% is already in the bag" will be frowned upon. They sure as hell should be.

24   Brand165   2007 Jan 16, 5:34am  

Any realtor that promises appreciation should be legally held liable for that difference upon the sale of the house.

25   DinOR   2007 Jan 16, 5:59am  

Brand,

Is a "promise" a lot like a "guarantee"?

Here's that little issue again. If a realtor were to say, "Typically homes in this town/neighborhood/area appreciate at 4-8% a year". Of late it's been significantly higher but there's NO assurance that will continue forever or even next year" (then I have no problem).

When you think about it, a MB or realtor can be a hell of a lot more damaging to an unsuspecting person than any fast talking NY stockbroker ever could.

26   Randy H   2007 Jan 16, 6:22am  

Taxes are such a wretched creation that we should endeavor to minimize their impact on the economy; not direction their impact on the economy. No tax has ever been created which doesn't distort incentives, shuffle winners & losers, and cause unintended consequences.

Property taxes in California are a prime example. Prop 13 has all but destroyed an entire generation's faith in the very institution of government and its right to formulate tax policy. It has revealed that taxes are nothing more than a "me and mine got ours, and yours too!" tyranny. Otherwise explain to me how the Mill Valley trust fund baby Stanford dropout who just moved in across the street bought his recently re-McMansioned zillow-guesstimated $2.6m home for a $385K tax base?

Who do you think is subsidizing him to sit around and throw tri-weekly cocaine parties? (well at least not me at the moment, being a bubblesitter).

27   HARM   2007 Jan 16, 6:33am  

Randall H,

You are a very angry, bitter person. Why do you get so jealous when other people are more fortunate than you? Didn't you get an opportunity to choose your parents and vote on Prop. 13, just like the rest of us?

28   DinOR   2007 Jan 16, 6:52am  

Randy H,

I don't know about the thrice weekly "blow bash" but what a wonderful sense of values to share with your children! Son, this is how to rub elbows w/the right crowd AND be a "tax squatter" at the same time! Great......

29   Brent   2007 Jan 16, 7:19am  

Randy H.-

I know knothing of such matters, but can't anyone petition the county to have the property reassessed? Do you have an MLS# or address or something? If he did the remodel, and has owned the property a long time, that might explain the tax issue. If it has recently changed hands, there is no way Zillow can be 2M+ off on the comps. I personally would love to get to the bottom of this, as I'm debating if 2 year old son should stay in CA for school. Prop. 13 is evil, and I have at my disposal only one true recourse.

30   Brand165   2007 Jan 16, 7:38am  

newsfreak says: One can choose many things, but not the parents.

Citizen newsfreak, I salute your iron grasp of the obvious. Citizen HARM's next lesson will be about sarcasm and how it can be represented by loaded contradictory statements.

@Randy H: Perhaps we might explore the global economic advantages of spending U.S. money saved on property tax on Colombian "imports". Just curious, would you be more or less mad if they were just a bunch of frat brothers throwing keggers every weekend?

31   FormerAptBroker   2007 Jan 16, 7:50am  

Randy H Says:

> Property taxes in California are a prime example.
> Prop 13 has all but destroyed an entire generation’s
> faith in the very institution of government and its right
> to formulate tax policy. It has revealed that taxes are
> nothing more than a “me and mine got ours, and yours
> too!” tyranny.

The business and people that are here “now” are the ones donating to and voting for the politicians that we have “now” so tax law has always benefited the business people in the state at the time the new tax law is passed.

> Otherwise explain to me how the Mill Valley trust fund
> baby Stanford dropout who just moved in across the street
> bought his recently re-McMansioned zillow-guesstimated
> $2.6m home for a $385K tax base?
> Who do you think is subsidizing him to sit around and throw
> tri-weekly cocaine parties? (well at least not me at the moment,
> being a bubblesitter).

In California lineal descendants can legally take over the pre Prop. 13 tax basis of their parents so I would have even a lower tax base if my parents died and I moved in to their house on the Peninsula that is worth about twice as much as the Mill Valley McMansion across the street from Randy.

If my Mom doesn’t outlive me (my great aunt recently died at 99) and I inherit the house and I would not be around much or throw many parties. If I did have some parties there would not be much blow (the last time I actually saw the stuff at a party Miami Vice was on Prime Time TV). I’ll probably invite the neighbors over and let them enjoy the good wine I’ll be buying with my tax savings…

P.S. Did anyone here the name of the Atherton wine collector who lost 150 bottles worth over $500K. I heard that it might be Bill Walsh from Sequoia Associates…

32   Randy H   2007 Jan 16, 7:52am  

@Brent

His dad is a retired, successful law partner -- or at least so he says. He's got some kind of Prop 13 Legacy Transfer crap going (even though his parents haven't lived in the house for over a decade--it was rental prior to remodeling).

@Brand

I'd be equally as annoyed if they were kegging frat boys, although at least that would imply continuation in college and some form of accomplishment. It's not the drugs I object to -- I'm very libertarian on such subjects; so long as he doesn't steal my shit, or run over my son, he can wind his heart up to 280bpm all he wants.

What I do object to, being myself of a very modest background and having busted my ass for everything I have today, is the fact that he's a trust-fund legacy and he gets a tax break for it. Fair enough he gets daddy's money. But totally unfair we have to subsidize him while he gallivants about.

I despise all forms of no-incentive welfare. Even the backasswards upward-socioeconomic type as in Prop13.

33   Different Sean   2007 Jan 16, 7:59am  

This is not intended to be a trollish topic, I was intrigued by the thought experiment of revaluing land vs use of land as a whole new system. No confiscation of property or bloody, glorious, or velvet revolutions are intended or implied in the thought experiment, however much fun it might be. The closest thinker to this idea seems to be Henry George, but Georgism is only an interesting parallel philosophy to prop up the case. I was also intrigued to find out what people thought about George's philosophy, being an American political economist who appropriately was remarking upon property conditions in California a century and a half ago. I think the idea must have occurred to him in a brilliant, blinding flash, much as it did to me as I was locking up the office last night.

Remember property taxes are already a reality, and properties are already valued by the state for the purposes of gathering such taxes. I am proposing that business and commerce continue much as they do in terms of providing goods and services, but that we consider for a moment what the world would be like if the average quarter acre residential block had an ascribed land value approaching zero. Randy would argue that differential values for land are an essential part of a free market in operation. I am suggesting once a council has zoned a tract of land for subdivision, then we only value what's on it in bricks and mortar (and infrastructure). This would theoretically prevent bubbles occurring and make residential housing much more affordable. Or are we too far gone, and the 'commodification of everything' and 'free market voodooism' has taken hold of us to the extent that we can't even imagine an alternative?

34   Peter P   2007 Jan 16, 8:00am  

Randy, we all know that life is not fair.

Can we discuss how to exploit unfairness in this zero-sum game? :)

35   Different Sean   2007 Jan 16, 8:31am  

Holy cow! Abolish property rights?

Not quite, not abolishing property rights in terms of ownership, use and quiet enjoyment, only in setting a price on it. Use in any given area is strongly prescribed by the state (councils) in the form of zoning, anyhow -- it is already mandated by the state...

36   HARM   2007 Jan 16, 8:32am  

@Peter P,

Life isn't "fair" to be sure, but current tax policy didn't just fall out of the sky, or come down the mountain with Moses.

Tax policy was created by people to serve particular societal ends and can --and should-- be changed to better serve those ends. If it cannot be designed to be "fair", then at the very least it ought to be "neutral". Prop. 13 is neither.

37   Different Sean   2007 Jan 16, 8:36am  

I just did a wiki crash course in Prop. 13, and it's a very interesting can of worms indeed, especially analysed from a tax theory point of view...

38   HARM   2007 Jan 16, 8:39am  

@DS,

Did you like my choice of thread graphic? Don't know if it ever toured in Oz, but 'Les Mis' was very popular here.

39   Peter P   2007 Jan 16, 8:46am  

Tax policy was created by people to serve particular societal ends and can –and should– be changed to better serve those ends.

I agree. Policies ought to do good.

However, my faith in human nature (or there lack of) compells me to expect some other outcomes.

40   Brent   2007 Jan 16, 9:00am  

Prop. 13 might seem a worthy thread on it's own, unless it's been done? Didn't know you could inherit a properties tax base, that sorta undermines the "kicking old ladies out of their home" theory for upholding it. I'm praying that fiscal death to the inland empire will cause CA insolvency to elevate beyond the bond solution. Multi-million dollar homes have a tendency toward "unexpectedly" trading hands without a police force to prevent it.

41   StuckInBA   2007 Jan 16, 9:21am  

The DQ weekly numbers are almost up to end of 2006. I looked up http://www.viewfromsiliconvalley.com/id125.html to see what happened in 2005 vs 2006.

In 2005, Santa Clara county median for resale SFH went from 615K in Jan to 705K in Dec. For 2006, it stayed the same from Jan to Dec. No appreciation in 2006. Nada.

Still, the new reports say that there was no month of -ve YOY for the median. Sure, that's true. But they should wait till May before celebrations begin. In 2006 May the median was 772K ! We are already down 10% from the summer peak. Unless there is a big "Spring Bounce", we WILL have -ve YOY median verrrry soon.

42   StuckInBA   2007 Jan 16, 9:40am  

Brent,

Prop 13 has been discussed till death. Almost every thread brings it up. But you may want to ask HARM, Surfer-X, Robert Cote et al to revive it. Put one comment supporting it and another comment (with another screen name) opposing it. ;-)

(I am sorry, couldn't resist this. I know it is an emotional topic for many. I have just resigned to it being there.)

43   Different Sean   2007 Jan 16, 9:45am  

Did you like my choice of thread graphic? Don’t know if it ever toured in Oz, but ‘Les Mis’ was very popular here.

heh, it's reasonable, it might get used for all my threads. I was wondering what to use...

44   astrid   2007 Jan 16, 9:47am  

(Prop 13)

No! Please, I beg of you, anything but Prop 13 again. Too much antagonism.

45   Peter P   2007 Jan 16, 10:00am  

Astrid, we watched 8 episodes of Firefly over weekend (also because I was sick).

Why did they can the show?

46   HARM   2007 Jan 16, 10:14am  

@Peter P,

Because Fox Network is where quality shows go to die. Basically, the execs did not get what they were expecting from Whedon and retaliated by doing everything they possibly could to sabotage it --shitty Saturday timeslot, showing episodes out of sequence, not promoting it, etc...

47   e   2007 Jan 16, 10:40am  

Prop. 13 might seem a worthy thread on it’s own, unless it’s been done?

It's been done.

Personally I hate Prop 13, but that's because I'm a bitter jealous renter.

When I eventually buy in California, I will lobby for Prop 1313: "Save Your Grandparents"

The basis for Prop 1313 will be that whenever property taxes go up, they will go down for people who bought the year and years before I bought. Also, under 1313, families with children will have an additional tax load.

Finally, under Prop 1313, we will eat only seeds and salt the land.

next generation be damned.

48   astrid   2007 Jan 16, 10:45am  

Peter P,

:) Glad you enjoyed Firefly. Great script, compelling premise, lovely art direction, beautiful and talented cast...

But I guess Fox thought Joe Millionaire and the Littlest Groom were of greater social significance.

In case you would like something with similar writing but a very different premise, might I suggest Wonderfall? It's not for everyone (my boyfriend found the protagonist completely unsympathetic) but for me, it falls on the good side of quirky.

And then there's Arrested Development (sigh)...at least Futurama is getting a season 5.

49   astrid   2007 Jan 16, 10:47am  

eburbed,

Hee. Soon, the entire state of California will be like $anta Barbara. Sir X?

50   W.C. Varones   2007 Jan 16, 10:54am  

I come here for bubble news, not communism, man.

51   Peter P   2007 Jan 16, 11:03am  

my boyfriend found the protagonist completely unsympathetic

Well, I find Capt. Malcolm Reynolds not exactly law-abiding.

52   astrid   2007 Jan 16, 11:13am  

"Well, I find Capt. Malcolm Reynolds not exactly law-abiding."

When law rests with bellboys and killer ninja dudes, I feel the writers are telling me to cheer for the non-law-abiding.

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