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The Biggest Default In History


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2008 Mar 2, 10:50am   21,177 views  266 comments

by Patrick   ➕follow (59)   💰tip   ignore  

real money

The biggest default in history has already happened: the US has devalued its promises of repayment to everyone who bought US Treasuries or US bonds of any kind, by devaluing the dollar 50% in just a few years.

What does this mean for the US? Higher interest rates. I don't understand why any person or any government would trust the dollar after this. The logical course of action would be to demand much higher interest rates to compensate for the risk of holding what is rapidly turning out to be only so much green toilet paper.

The thing I don't get is the huge gap between the interest rate the Fed sets for interbank lending (which seems to limit what Americans can get on their CD's and savings) and the very high rates we now see for municipal bond lending (sometimes as high as 20%). Something just doesn't make sense.

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109   OO   2008 Mar 4, 3:05am  

HK and SP,

the best way to convert money is to wire to a third country (e.g. Singapore, Hong Kong, any tax-free zone), do the conversion electronically, and wire into your destination country in the form of the currency intended for that country. I don't know about other countries, but Australia only taxes flat 10% all interest income by non-resident alien, and you can apply that amount of tax to your tax obligation to Uncle Sam. I believe most countries operate this way to avoid double taxation.

Prior to 2005, Australia doesn't tax you on your exchange rate gains, so doing the conversion in Oz was fine, things have changed obviously. Hong Kong and Singapore, for example, has no capital gains tax nor interest tax for non-residents. You just use the country as a conversion base.

In the end, you will be subject to capital gains tax when you repatriate your money back to the US, in USD. Let's be frank, if the capital gains tax is so enormous for fund repatriation back to the US, I believe emigration would be an option actively considered because that means USD has become almost worthless. But until you need to do the principal conversion back to USD, there is no worry about paying capital gains tax.

Your overseas interest income declared in the US, however, is marked to market (IRS has several options for you to choose, average, day of reporting, etc.)

110   FuzzyMath   2008 Mar 4, 3:05am  

Seems to me like the cram down is the most reasonable plan they've come up with yet. As long as it's not government sponsored, and not mandatory.

It allows the 2 parties who are responsible for the mess to meet halfway. I doubt this would do any good to those who kept refinancing their $300K loan until it was $800K. Nor would it do any good for those whose teaser rates are about to expire who couldn't even afford the teaser rates.

What it could do is help the people who could afford their loans, but might be in trouble during the coming economic slowdown. It could help smooth out a massive capitulation... which Randy H believes is coming in the summer.

While for those with their cash in hand waiting for a more massive crash it may not be the best thing... I still think those wishing for housing to crash more than 40% from the peak in a short period of time should beware what they wish for.

111   Malcolm   2008 Mar 4, 3:07am  

DinOR Says:
March 4th, 2008 at 9:11 am
"So it IS… possible to renegotiate the price of the home AFTER you’ve already purchased it! O.K, that’s ONE thing we wrong about!"

I have to admit, I never saw that one coming.

112   HelloKitty   2008 Mar 4, 3:08am  

I think Headset is right on target.

The crammed down principal will be paid from the bailout fund (direct to the lender/investor) so the holder of the mbs is happy, the FB is happy. The only losers are the renters who save money and pay taxes as usual.

maybe i wont move to france, Austrailia is lookin good - they are RAISING interest rates to fight inflation. And perhaps an american accent is 'cool' there, anyone know?

113   OO   2008 Mar 4, 3:13am  

HK,

Australia is definitely much more Americanized than people think

However, since its citizenship has been in very high demand in the last decade, immigration is becoming difficult. They raised the bar on education, job needs, money, etc. quite a few times.

What I like the most about Australia is, it has almost no illegal immigration problem. Well, if you can swim across the strait and make it through the sharks, I think you deserve a chance down under.

114   OO   2008 Mar 4, 3:21am  

When I was working overseas, I believe the exemption was $82,000. However, you need to pay SS and medicare from the first dollar.

The Congress is talking about taking away such an exemption. I won't be surprised that such a "deal" will disappear in the next few years as Uncle Sam searches hi and low for extra tax income.

115   Peter P   2008 Mar 4, 3:34am  

I won’t be surprised that such a “deal” will disappear in the next few years as Uncle Sam searches hi and low for extra tax income.

They should search hi and low for services to cut.

116   DennisN   2008 Mar 4, 4:12am  

Well, if you can swim across the strait and make it through the sharks, I think you deserve a chance down under.

So maybe we should put sharks - or piranha - into the Rio Grande?

117   Peter P   2008 Mar 4, 4:29am  

RE: Illegals in Australia

Aren't there stowaways and overstays?

118   DinOR   2008 Mar 4, 4:58am  

Fuzzy Math,

Exactly, what would be the point of extending any form of aid to a borrower that couldn't even maintain the damn teaser payment?

As for Mr. 500K Heloc? Well he certainly seemed to think the home was WORTH IT when he was borrowing against it!

I'm sorry guys, I've never seen this level preferential treatment. Period. Wow! Screw "Don't 1099 me bro", with these "programs" you'll be able to... default on your home loan (and never lose (1) night's sleep) HELOC the living hell out of your home and then turn around and re-negotiate for a lesser amt. than you've already blown!

Plus of course all the blatantly lopsided tax advantages you've ALREADY enjoyed! Whadda' country.

119   Peter P   2008 Mar 4, 5:04am  

I’m sorry guys, I’ve never seen this level preferential treatment.

US was born under a Cancer Sun. Cancer rules homes. Enough said.

120   DinOR   2008 Mar 4, 5:05am  

Frankly I'd be quite surprised if the do away w/ tax-free income for ex-pats. Most of the "really good employment opportunities" are for civilian contractors in war zones.

Part of the big recruitment pitch is that "Sure you're dodging shrapnel but just look at the tax deal you're getting!" I'd worry more if Iraq were winding down...

121   DinOR   2008 Mar 4, 5:19am  

Peter P,

I guess I could be a helluva lot more enthusiastic had these measures been discussed in 2005.

"Gee guys, these loans you're writing can't go on. We've been monitoring things over at Patrick.net and there's a pretty clear consensus the unwinding won't be pretty. Let's get a handle on these lending standards and make some provisions ahead of time to deal with the re-set chart and resultant wave of defaults, o.k? Any ideas?"

2008? Come on. Whatever little MEW/ATM party people were having could NOT have been worth it.

122   FuzzyMath   2008 Mar 4, 5:22am  

DinOr...

note my comment
"I doubt this would do any good to those who kept refinancing their $300K loan until it was $800K. Nor would it do any good for those whose teaser rates are about to expire who couldn’t even afford the teaser rates."

Nor do I think it would be in the best interest of the banks to do this for those people.

However, we appear to be on the brink of a very severe recession. In which case, even alot of the folk with reasonable loans, who could afford them 2 years ago, might find the payments increasingly harder to make in the next few years.

If housing drops another 30%, we will have close to 1/3 of all homes in the US underwater. By that point, most of the ridiculous ARM's and HELOC abusers will already be out of the picture. That 1/3 will mostly be made up of responsible owners who will be looking at their house, priced 30-50% below what they bought it for, struggling to make payments on it due to a severe economic recession.... youwalkaway will start to seem like a very smart move.

If that pool of people gives up, I'm not sure I want to even imagine the outcome. You'll be able to buy your dream house for nothing, but it will be located in a broken country.

I'm all for upholding financial responsibility. But at some point the end will begin to justify the means. Cramming down a loan makes sense as a business concept for both the banks and the debtors. And as long as the government stays out of it, which they should, it shouldn't directly affect savers.

123   Peter P   2008 Mar 4, 5:24am  

DinOR, I think things will change for the better. However, the next few years will be "interesting."

124   Peter P   2008 Mar 4, 5:46am  

If housing drops another 30%, we will have close to 1/3 of all homes in the US underwater.

Huh? I thought most homes are debt-free.

125   DinOR   2008 Mar 4, 6:07am  

Fuzzy,

Oh I agree. They're forming HA (Heloc Anon) as we speak. You're right, in ways they're 'already' out of the picture (they just haven't gotten the memo yet)

I think BB message to the banks is that if they think they're going to walk away without a scratch they're crazy. Housing WILL drop another 30% and many will be under.

126   FuzzyMath   2008 Mar 4, 6:11am  

@ Peter P

"Huh? I thought most homes are debt-free"

http://www.fool.com/investing/value/2008/03/03/its-so-much-worse-than-you-think.aspx

about a third of the way down... seems my 1/3 was on the short side. A study by First American puts the number at 39% underwater if housing drops 30%.

127   HelloKitty   2008 Mar 4, 6:27am  

So lets say you HELOC'd your way from 300k to 800k to buy H2's and Plasma's then you convince the investor (FNMA) to lop off 200k from the top out of the taxpayers ass.

How many years until you can HELOC another 200k? probably when the H4 comes out in 3 years. Talk about welfare. The FB is on it, so is the MBS investor. Sounds like the democrats will pass laws for this to happen.(*pukes*)

As much as I hate W, my god the democrats are scary with thier mortgage bailouts to keep prices 4eva high. How is that 'helping the common man' - its making him a debt slave like the serfs/indentured servants of yore.

128   DinOR   2008 Mar 4, 6:41am  

HK,

Exactly. Btw the H4 is going to blow you away...! I realize this is a newer thread but at some point we have to discuss "WIF'M" (What's In it For ME!)

This is so in keeping with the home-debtor mentality! They've allowed themselves to become seduced by ever greater debt, and why!? Because they knew full well 'they' wouldn't be the ones paying it off! It's just that now that the Ponzi has run it's course the only GF left is the tax payer.

Whatever. As long as home prices remain sky high and someone else pays off my tab? I'm good w/ it.

129   Peter P   2008 Mar 4, 6:41am  

As much as I hate...

W delivered a tax cut. That automatically makes him one of the better presidents, although the Iraq war is becoming increasingly saddening.

Of course, he cannot be compared to Ronald Reagan.

130   northernvirginiarenter   2008 Mar 4, 6:42am  

I fail to understand how anyone can imagine our country realizing some fluffy soft landing out of this mess.

I assume a minimum 30% housing decline from here. I also assume unemployment approaching 30% in a few short years. If this proves out, our country is going to change in completely unforeseen ways. I wonder what the contingency plans are for this environment? A Katrina response?

Duke, I also read academia in Ben's statements. My interpretation is he is saying that he now recognizes the real risks of the jinglemail cascading decline in values. And he seems to view the whole situation through a lens of managing supply and demand.

I don't recall the specific numbers, and it may have been discussed here on this board in the past. I think Ben B comes at the problem though a simplistic supply demand angle, suggesting that it is the very very small overall percentage of housing that is actively in play in the market that determines the value for the rest. As long as that percentage remains small, housing values are supported. Problem is, too many inputs and factors coming out of economic chaos that Ben B cannot predict.

Significant job loss seems inevitable from here. Ben B has no way of managing the decline.

131   Peter P   2008 Mar 4, 6:54am  

Significant job loss seems inevitable from here. Ben B has no way of managing the decline.

Congress can certainly mitigate that with supply-side measures (such as a drastic cut in tax rates). But of course, a Democrat-controlled congress will do no such thing.

132   StuckInBA   2008 Mar 4, 6:56am  

Mish has put a post analyzing Heli Ben's latest proposals.

I particularly liked this comment regarding our current discussion here.

If lenders write down principle it will invite everyone to ask for the same, over and over. It also punishes those who put up a substantial down payment for whom no writeoff would occur. Finally it would encourage those able to make payments to purposely get behind to ask for writeoffs. Loan writeoffs simply will not work on a broad brush basis.

As Buffet said in his interview yesterday, there are always unintended consequences of any bailout.

Of everything is being said, no policy maker of any sort is saying, "Let's get back to behaving responsibly". People want to gamble and expect to get bailed out. Politicians want to spend as much money as possible on all sort of things that will help them stay in (or get) power. And who is supposed to earn this money ? And why does the person who earned this money is supposed to sponsor the bail-out ? I wish Ayn Rand was around to write some blistering editorials.

It's not the talk of bail-out, but the lack of any sort of sensible suggestion from any policy maker is driving me nuts. No one is giving any counter-point. The availability counter-point was the reason I joined the bubble bloggers anonymous and still remain a proud member.

133   Peter P   2008 Mar 4, 7:05am  

It’s not the talk of bail-out, but the lack of any sort of sensible suggestion from any policy maker is driving me nuts.

Honestly, the only sensible solution is to do just enough bailouts to ensure the integrity of the financial system and nothing more.

134   DinOR   2008 Mar 4, 7:11am  

StuckInBA,

Good points. The reason we're not getting any counter points is b/c everyone on CH is like the deer in the headlights. This sin't your run of the mill type debacle. We have no idea as to even the scale of this thing.

Still, I don't see 30% unemployment (unless you're talking about OR)

135   northernvirginiarenter   2008 Mar 4, 8:07am  

Peter

Honestly, the only sensible solution is to do just enough bailouts to ensure the integrity of the financial system and nothing more.

Agreed 100%.

As frustrating as it is to hear the news media spin and policy maker sound bites so dominate the mainstream media flow, don't mistake these attempts to influence agendas as a lack of understanding of the issues and consequences. I think Ben B for instance has a very sound understanding of moral hazard, probably more astute than my own. It's just we will not hear him talking much about it.

Layoff announcements will begin to dominate the nightly news segments within 3 - 6 months. There is no way that American consumer consumption has not finally frozen. Housing decline story might even become old news and fade into the background by end of year.

I don't buy into export demand growth rescuing domestic employment.

136   SP   2008 Mar 4, 8:22am  

# FuzzyMath Says:
While for those with their cash in hand waiting for a more massive crash it may not be the best thing… I still think those wishing for housing to crash more than 40% from the peak in a short period of time should beware what they wish for.

Oooh, 40%. Go ahead, make my day.

You see, it is bogeyman scare-tactics that make me suspect you are a closet realtwhore. Housing prices dropping 40% in the Bay Area will not do any harm to anyone except FB's, speculators, knife-catchers, and various species of RE-shills.

Heck, I _own_ my home practically F&C, and I still wouldn't mind a 50% or greater drop.

137   Peter P   2008 Mar 4, 8:25am  

I think Ben B for instance has a very sound understanding of moral hazard, probably more astute than my own. It’s just we will not hear him talking much about it.

Unless we are willing to let people starve, moral hazards will eventually creep into our economic policies.

As I have said, the human problem is intractable. (If it is at all solvable, God would have solved it and everyone would be happy.)

138   cb   2008 Mar 4, 8:27am  

Heck, I _own_ my home practically F&C, and I still wouldn’t mind a 50% or greater drop.

That's the only time that I will buy a bigger house when the 40% drop happens, then I can finally get a house with a pool table (I'd like to get a snooker table though), I will never trade up right now because of the massive increase in prop. tax.

139   Peter P   2008 Mar 4, 8:30am  

I will never trade up right now because of the massive increase in prop. tax.

You can trade UP to another state. Hint: Oregon is north of us. :)

140   Peter P   2008 Mar 4, 8:36am  

I can finally get a house with a pool table (I’d like to get a snooker table though)

All I need is a 2/2 plus a library/office.

I am architecturally picky though. :(

141   FuzzyMath   2008 Mar 4, 8:41am  

@SP

"You see, it is bogeyman scare-tactics that make me suspect you are a closet realtwhore"

Ha! Farthest thing from it. I'm a physicist who pretends to be a mechanical/software engineer. I am a home owner though.

And I don't think the 40% drop in and of itself is a scary thing. It will be nice to have affordable housing... especially in the bay area. It's the consequences of it that could have drastic long-term negative effects. Alot of those are discussed on this blog daily.

Perhaps you would live through the mess without experiencing any pain... and perhaps I will too. But a very large number of people won't.

I always vote libertarian, and I'm against big government at every turn. I am failing to see how a bank and a borrower mutually agreeing to cram a loan constitutes as a bailout. Exactly who is doing the bailing out in that situation? Both resposible (or irresponsible) parties are sharing their loss. I did not see any mention in the BB article where he said government would pick up the slack in what he was suggesting.

142   Peter P   2008 Mar 4, 8:44am  

It’s the consequences of it that could have drastic long-term negative effects. Alot of those are discussed on this blog daily.

Both Hong Kong and Tokyo have experienced declines much larger than 40% without much drama.

143   SP   2008 Mar 4, 8:46am  

NVR said:
Layoff announcements will begin to dominate the nightly news segments within 3 - 6 months.

Yeah, and how about those web2.0 social-circlejerking jobs these days? I wonder how they are doing... seriously, I haven't heard from that sort of recruiters lately.

144   SP   2008 Mar 4, 8:49am  

FuzzyMath said:
I did not see any mention in the BB article where he said government would pick up the slack in what he was suggesting.

I seriously doubt anyone is _that_ naive. :-)

145   Peter P   2008 Mar 4, 8:49am  

Yeah, and how about those web2.0 social-circlejerking jobs these days?

When people's first lives are trashed, they have no choice but to embrace cartoon lives.

146   SP   2008 Mar 4, 8:53am  

And I don’t think the 40% drop in and of itself is a scary thing. ... It’s the consequences of it that could have drastic long-term negative effects.

And I don't think a 40%, 50% or even 60% drop in housing prices will have any negative effects (other than to the constituencies listed earlier). A 60% drop from here will merely bring prices back to about 1999 levels, and 40% would only take things back to about 2003.

147   FuzzyMath   2008 Mar 4, 9:00am  

"Both Hong Kong and Tokyo have experienced declines much larger than 40% without much drama"

True. They didn't make up a quarter of the world economy though.

@SP
I hope you are right.

148   DennisN   2008 Mar 4, 9:05am  

I am failing to see how a bank and a borrower mutually agreeing to cram a loan constitutes as a bailout. Exactly who is doing the bailing out in that situation? Both resposible (or irresponsible) parties are sharing their loss.

How is the borrower "sharing" in the loss in this situation?

A real sharing would be something like this. The bank would agree to write down the mortgage if the borrower wants to keep living in the house, BUT the borrower would sign a contract agreeing to share any future capital gains on sale if the house price eventually recovers (say 60%/40%).

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