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The Ghost of Irving Fisher


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2006 May 18, 12:42pm   12,893 views  146 comments

by HARM   ➕follow (0)   💰tip   ignore  

Irving Fisher

From Linda in LA-LA-Land:

"There is certainly a possibility that we have reached a new level of ownership premium our society is willing to pay. The ratio of housing costs to income may have changed forever. Not too long ago, people used to buy stocks for their dividends. Now they buy it because they think someone else will buy from them at a higher price. Things change.

From some reports I read a few days ago, home prices in UK and Australia haven’t exactly crashed. Who knows what will happen in US ? I am willing to take the risk of that happening. Because I think the probability is low. This is not an inflation in asset priceses alone. There is a credit bubble. I am betting on it to burst. If I am wrong so be it."

Most of us here debated --and dismissed-- the bulls's "new paradigm" arguments long ago as basically meritless and concluded that reckless lending/borrowing (thanks to the Fed & GSEs) and rampant, unsustainable speculation (thanks to good 'ol greed & fear) were primarily to blame for the housing bubble. However, when it comes to certain parts of the country --California being pre-eminent among them-- it seems pretty likely that, while prices must eventually correct, they are not likely to fall so far as to bring California and other so-called "prime" areas into line with high affordability levels common in other states.

Are there any truly secular “new” developments which might account for at least some of the rise in housing prices relative to other asset classes and might --if they prove to be permanent trends-- limit the extent of the eventual correction?

Some possible candidates:

1. Rise of NIMBYism, Urban Boundary Limits (UBLs), which are very popular in CA & OR, and pseudo-environmental anti-development laws. These are measurably constraining supply and artificially raising the cost of what new housing stock does get built, reagrdless of whether it's for rental or sale.

2. Shift in federal tax codes since 1996, heavily favoring RE investment/speculation over other assets. $250/500K capital gains exemption, mtg. interest deduction on 2nd homes, 1031 exchange, etc.

3. The tremendous rise of GSEs and MBSs/CMOs since mid-1990s in providing unprecedented levels of mortgage liquidity and risk underwriting (shifting loan default risk from lenders to FCBs and private investors).

Discuss, enjoy...
HARM

#housing

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116   FormerAptBroker   2006 May 19, 10:08am  

SFWoman Says:

> In my neighborhood there are tons of kids.
> I went to a party last night, there were about
> 80 people there, and except for two couples
> all of us have school age kids. Also, my friends
> and I are redoing the tennis courts, sport court,
> and playground in Alta Plaza Park…

Almost all of us tend to socialize with people like ourselves.

Just because SF Woman was at a party where 97% of the people have kids and I’ll be at a party where 90% of the people went to Cal or Stanford does not mean that there is a huge number of kids or Cal or Stanford grads in the city.

I can’t think of the last time I saw a kid on a bike in SF, or any younger kids out anywhere (except the Presidio on weekends)… When I was a little kid in the late 60’s and early 70’s SF was loaded with kids with bikes and toys on all the sidewalks and parks full of unsupervised kids. I remember visiting cousins in SF Woman’s neighborhood in the summers and racing our big wheels down Buchanan Street in front of their house between Vallejo and Green with other neighborhood kids. We would go down and play in the SVDP playground that was always full of neighborhood kids…

117   Joe Schmoe   2006 May 19, 10:21am  

You guys want to see something interesting? It proves, pretty conclusively IMO, that CA is now the state with the most expensive RE prices, bar none.

I'm sure we all agree that it is not fair to compare SF and SoCal to, say, Indianapolis or Toledo. LA and SF are first rank cities and will always cost more.

Well, how about New York? That's a comparable place, wouldn't you say? My mother grew up in a town called Mendham, NJ. It is a small, very rich neighborhood of around 5,500 people. It's about 50 minutes away from NYC by train. Most of the houses are from the 18th century and probably half of the people in town keep horses. The average average household income is approx. $110,000 (note that this is an astronomicaly high number, p/c income statistics always skew low becuase they include retirees.)

The public schools are among the best in the state, the HS is ranked 16 out of 333 public high schools in terms of average SAT score.

Out here, a dilapidated 800-1000sq ft 2br starter home in a upper-crust neighborhood like that would cost what, $800k in LA, $1.2mm in the Bay Area? And remember, this is NYC where salaires are a little higher than they are here.

You can have this house in Mendham for...$309k! See for yourself:

http://www.realtor.com/Prop/1055896699

A much bigger, nicer place that is a true "family" home, if a modest one, is only $450k!

You don't want to live in a tract home, even one in the nicest possible neighborhood? Well, how about a Colonial house -- not a Colonial-style house, but an actual Colonial house, built in 1790, on one-and-a-quarter acres -- for $649k! (A month ago there was a 3br 2ba 18th century house listed for $450k!)

Want to be part of the "horsey" set, with a 4.4 acres of land all your own (and just an hour's drive from NYC?) That'll cost you -- $750k!

This was a fascinating discovery. I always thought that we had it rough in SoCal, but that people in other major cities had it just as rough. Not true! The facts are undeniable. Go to any of the reatly sites and do a search for Mendham, NJ and see for yourself!

118   HARM   2006 May 19, 10:36am  

According to him…he took a hammer to it’s head.
And that’s just one example.
I don’t want to be within 1000 miles of that guy.

LILLL,

I can certainly understand your personal reasons for not wanting to be near your brother-in-law, but I seriously doubt most Portlanders are like that. I have a couple of college friends up there who are very nice and quite happy --and let's not forget our blog-mate DinOR!

CA has more than its share of whack jobs.

119   OO   2006 May 19, 11:47am  

I would like to discuss what the government will do (can do) to protect the housing market.

Indexing AMT? Allowing more mortgage tax deduction? First home buyer subsidy (this is implemented in Oz)?

Since housing is such a vital part of our economy, and it has everything to do with social stability, I believe that either GOP or Dem will do its best to avoid a meltdown in RE. How likely will they succeed? Will USD be trashed in the process of saving housing?

As a small investor, how do we take advantage of this if we see it coming? I am asking this, because I am frankly surprised at the loosened credit standard that is still prevalent in today's market, the long yield moves up little (and we know Fed can buy back Treasury bond to bring the yield down), people can still take on toxic loans just fine, and I don't see any clampdown on lending practices. Perhaps I am thinking too much, but I do suspect that there is a strong incentive for the government to support the current housing price at its "plateau" for political reasons, especially before a mid-term election, voters don't want to hear bad news.

What do you guys think?

120   DinOR   2006 May 20, 3:59am  

BillF,

HELLO TEXAS!

Really good stuff. Even though Polish people from the south side of Chicago find it hard to "fit in" in Oregon (much less Texas) it firms my resolve not to pay ridiculous amounts of money here or anywhere! A "Buck and Quarter" for 2,227 sq. ft. home? This is Pulte right? At that price who cares if it's a sh*tbox! I wish you'd post more often b/c you always "bring da goods". I'm making you an honorary "Southsider" from this day forth! Good on ya mate!

121   DinOR   2006 May 20, 4:01am  

Duhhhhh,

Please to identify "which" neighborhood you are from, the average selling price, square footage, oh, and then pound sand. Are from this planet, or just visiting?

122   Peter P   2006 May 20, 4:07am  

I have stopped trying to think about the housing bubble rationally. It is an emotional creature. I have turned to alternative methods.

123   DinOR   2006 May 20, 4:08am  

OO,

"Indexing AMT?"

Oh I'll go one better. Let's just do away with it! Increasing the mortgage interest deduction? I sincerely hope you are kidding on that count. My limited understanding is that the President's special panel last fall was actually discussing LIMITING the amount of ded. int. to the "median" price in your area. Would that not be a better direction? I for one have subsidized housing about as much as I'm going to. You bring up a lot of interesting wrinkles though. You lead, I'll follow.

124   DinOR   2006 May 20, 4:12am  

Peter P,

Mrs DinOR is dragging me to look at "plants". This is most important to her. However you absolutely nailed it the other day when you said we need to stop thinking in terms of "median price" etc. Name the beast! Let's continue to isolate specific homes, specific listing prices and have the courage to call each for what it's worth. If it sold for higher than asking? Well fine, I'm a sport! I tend to think though that on a case by case basis the bears will triumph though.

125   Jimbo   2006 May 20, 6:03am  

I am always amazed at the level of negativity and wrong headed thinking here. But I realize it is mostly just a place for people to gripe and share their misery, rather than look for any serious solutions.

I really don't think that the $500k exclusion has had that much of an effect on housing prices. Previously, if you had held a house for 2 years, you would have your gains taxed at the long term capital gains rate, which is 15%. So, at most, it would account for an additional $75k in gain per sale. It could have a psychological effect I guess, but the real economic effect has got to be pretty slight.

San Francisco is actually building a fair amount of new housing, 8389 new units from 2001-2004. That comes out to about a 6% increase per decade. Most of the construction is South of Market or in Rincon Hill, areas where there are not current neighborhood associations to oppose the building of hi-rises. SFWoman I am glad to hear that you support infill housing. Does that mean you are going to the neighborhood association meetings and advocating for Cow Hollow to change its zoning to allow hi rises? :-)

I personally prefer the lower density residential feel of my neighborhood, but I know there is a trade off. Everyone seems to agree that the Bay Area needs more housing, but no one wants it in their neighborhood. We have seen some modest infill in Noe Valley, with the conversion of single family homes into multi-unit condos, but nothing else.

126   Jimbo   2006 May 20, 6:31am  

The main reason homes are expensive in the Bay Area is because land is scarce. California has been growing in population explosively for the last 60 years and this is the inevitable result. Just an empty lot in most parts of The City is worth $1/2M these days. Even in places like Riverside, where they are very pro-growth, a buildable lot is worth $1/4M. California really is running out of desirable places to build near the coast. Are there any flat regions, near the ocean, with access to water left to build on?

I am going to skip the obvious immigration rant, as that topic has been covered before, but as long as people keep moving to the state, home costs are going to continue to go up.

A massive irrigation project to the central coast could make some of that area buildable, but right now the people who live there are very anti-development and are resisting any new water projects. I guess this is the kind of NIMBY sentiment that many on this blog complain about. But even if this area was built out, it would only make a difference on the margins.

I think the whole country is experiencing the "hollowing-out" of the middle class, not just San Francisco. We see it more here because there are so much subsidies for the poor. 25 years of tax breaks for the wealthy and the resultant abandonment of the public sphere is having its inevitable effect. Declining schools, crumbling transportation infrastructure and fading parks are all a result of falling taxes in California. And yes, they have fallen as a percentage of GDP, over the last 25 years. Prop 13 is primarily to blame. The long time residents have tried to shift the tax burden to the newcomers, but mostly they have just ended up screwing up the state. We are still living on the investment in infrastructure: the Interstate highway system, the UC, and the water projects, that the Big State liberals like Pat Brown built in the 50s and early 60s. The seeds for Californias decline were sown when Ronald Reagan was elected governor in 1966 and it has pretty much been downhill ever since.

127   OO   2006 May 20, 8:00am  

Politicians have no backbones, if RE meltdown is about the happen, and most homeowners (especially the dumb recent buyers) are crying and ranting about the dropping housing price, the politicians will bend over backward for their most adament voters, the homeowners.

That's why the tax relief / subsidy wind can blow either way depending on the real situation. If housing price goes down too fast, I bet the Fed will start cutting rate. Any government is mainly concerned with its own existence before everything else, without social stability, the very idea of government itself may be at risk.

I have long been a housing bear here. I am not arguing for the trolls, because I do believe whatever artificial intervention the government may put in place, it won't work in the long term. It is a difference of whether we are going to be in a 5-year down market or 15-year down market. I am kind of undetermined on which scenario I prefer, on one hand, I want a fast one to get it over with, but I am afraid the impact will be too detrimental, but I don't want a 15-year long-drawn pain either.

128   OO   2006 May 20, 8:02am  

If you get kicked into AMT, no 15% capital gains for you. It runs about 19-21%.

129   Jimbo   2006 May 20, 8:03am  

I thought you were calling me the troll, heh. Though I was deliberately trying to provoke a debate.

Maybe that is an idea for a new thread:

Are California's Taxes Too Low?

130   OO   2006 May 20, 8:10am  

DinOR,

Here is a bunch of government's ass-saving practices I have seen elsewhere as the housing bubble pops. All these practices point to one end - to sustain the price.

1) Introducing first-time homebuyer grant (I believe it is around 5000-7000 AUD in Oz); Or cancelling stamp-duty on first-time buyer.

2) Tax relief for homeowners who have a home with lower assessed value than their loan - well, the aim is to keep them paying instead of having them walk away causing a shock in the financial system

3) Shutting down supply of new homes. The way to do it is to freeze approval of development projects for a x number of years or months until the situation improves.

4) Turning some of the unsold inventory into subsidized housing, essentially taking them off the market. The government pays the developer 50cents on a dime and then offer it to low-income family.

5) Lowering, yes lowering the required downpayment for mortgage lending. This is tough cos' we are already in the 0% down phase.

131   Michael Holliday   2006 May 20, 8:56am  

***SERIOUS QUESTION PLEASE***

My mom's about to sell her house here in Phoenix.

She has been renting it out for past year and a half, and has not been living in it.

Is it a year she has to have held it or two years in order to get the reduced tax rate?

I believe anything over a year is long-term.

Thank you!

132   Michael Holliday   2006 May 20, 8:57am  

FROM ABOVE:

My question is: is long-term capital gain a year or two years on a house in Phoenix?

Thank you!

133   Jimbo   2006 May 20, 9:07am  

San Francisco is actually the second most densly populated city in the country, after New York. While there are certainly parts of The City that can have higher density, we are already seeing that, with SOMA being converted to a residential area and high rises going up in Rincon Hill and China Basin.

The last underdeveloped area in San Francisco is Inida Basin and I expect that to be developed next. After the power plant there is moved, of course.

The areas in the Bay Area that really could support higher density housing are the inner suburbs, like southern Marin and Santa Clara counties. Good luck getting Sausalito and Palo Alto to agree to that, though.

134   Jimbo   2006 May 20, 9:18am  

Mendham sounds great Joe! Are you planning on moving there?

135   Jimbo   2006 May 20, 10:08am  

Michael,

I am pretty sure anything held over one year qualifies for long term capital gain rates:

http://www.bankrate.com/brm/itax/tax_adviser/20050513a1.asp

As was mentioned before, make sure to consider AMT. IANAL or an accountant or anything like that, so do your own tax research.

136   smb_gaiden   2006 May 20, 10:29am  

austingal:

Perhaps banking on inheritance is what will keep some afloat. I'd imagine the boomer's parents were from the great depression era and were frugal and dedicated savers. With the tax laws slanting towards reducing and eliminating these inheritance taxes, many boomers would be in good shape to a) sell the parent's estate b) collect the parent's gift tax exlcusion of 22k per year and c) take a big chunk of assets tax-free when they pass away.

Disclaimer: I am aware that this is not the situation of the majority of boomers and their parents, but there would be many in this situation.

137   Michael Holliday   2006 May 20, 11:06am  

Jimbo, great post.

Thanks man!

That answers my question!

Kick ass!

138   Peter P   2006 May 20, 11:25am  

New thread: Are California’s Taxes Too Low?

139   StuckInBA   2006 May 20, 11:30am  

Just a little bit bullish thread, and so many trolls came out.

I was doubtful myself about the speed and extent of the crash. But it's happening, and happening much faster than I thought. I will say "10 to 20% is in the bag for this year" !

Take a look at MLS 613849. More than 1950 sqft on 5500+ plot, the asking price has been reduced from 895K to 850K. This is in red hot Cupertino, where no price is too high for dual-income techie Asian families. But it is on market for 67 days now, and it's already over a month after the price has been reduced.

Another one is 628664. It's listed at close to 1M. This is a brand new house for Cupertino (10 yr old). According to Zillow it was bought in 1996 for 900K. The gain of 100K just about covers the property taxes paid in these 10 years. Forget the interest. What a great investment !

I think, this is the last year for trolls to try posting their crap. What will surfer-x do when there are no trolls to spray his rant on ?

140   Joe Schmoe   2006 May 20, 1:04pm  

Jimbo-

No, we will be moving to Texas or to the Midwest. We may hang on for two more years, until our oldest is ready for school, or we may not.

I just thought it was interesting to see that another first-tier city, like NY, is much, much cheaper than SF or LA, RE-wise.

141   surfer-x   2006 May 20, 4:57pm  

what is truly great about our newest fucking maggot troll, Alabbple, is that the fucker posted his bullshit oh fuck you mean I'm not rich bullshit at 12pm on saturday, FROM APPLE. Enjoy your fucking work that much? Enjoy making a payment of 8x your fucking income on a stucco $hitbox in san hosebag, whoops I meant crapatino, but arent' they the same thing? Weren't you more happy when you were driving a honda with a big tail pipe?

PS

142   surfer-x   2006 May 20, 4:58pm  

sorry my last statement was cut off. Hey come on down to the blog party as i would love to do the world a favor and bounce a fucking aluminum louisville slugger off your fucking 2 ft thick skull.

PS FUCK YOU

143   Different Sean   2006 May 21, 12:52am  

lilritch is totally trolling, george...

144   apostasy   2006 May 21, 1:15am  

JBR housing bear here, but reading through this thread it occurred to me to ask whether or not the run up in residential real estate might in part have to do with a relative decrease in availability of desireable jobs? Could the increased asset value reflect a bidding war amongst people who want to gain access to jobs that can keep up with globalization, inflation and taxes? But at the same time, these very jobs are consolidating into the urban areas, the very hotspots of residential real estate activity. Not enough of these jobs to go around, so demand far outstrips supply, with a concurrent increase in the prices of everything related to obtaining such jobs.

Another question: why is it so many here seem unconcerned about the costs of any bubble breaking getting thrown at the feet of taxpayers? It rates a mention here or there, but mark my words, when huge institutional investors responsible for pensions, large mutuals, etc. start showing signs of folding, the political pressure to bail them out with taxpayers will be enormous. We will see headlines after headlines blaring plaintive wails like "Retirement Futures Down the Drain"...unless "government" (read: taxpayers) "stabilizes" (read: bails out with taxpayers) the situation. By that time (10-15 years?), I hope to be able to move my company offshore because by then I should have a geographically diversified client base.

145   Jimbo   2006 May 23, 6:34pm  

Please don't feed the trolls.

146   Jimbo   2006 May 24, 3:48am  

Joe,

The average home price in Mendham was $950k:

http://www.dailyrecord.com/business/forecast2005/index-2.htm

That place sounds pretty comparable to Danville.

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