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A Home Is a Lousy Investment


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2011 Jul 14, 1:14am   10,023 views  44 comments

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http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702304259304576375323652341888.html

"Between 1980 and 2010, the value of a median-price, single-family house in California rose by an average of 3.6% per year—to $296,820 from $99,550, according to data from the California Association of Realtors, Freddie Mac and the U.S. Census. Even if that house was sold at the most recent market peak in 2007, the average annual price growth was just 6.61%.

So a dollar used to purchase a median-price, single-family California home in 1980 would have grown to $5.63 in 2007, and to $2.98 in 2010. The same dollar invested in the Dow Jones Industrial Index would have been worth $14.41 in 2007, and $11.49 in 2010.

Here's another way of looking at the situation. If a disciplined investor who might have considered purchasing that median-price house in 1980 had opted instead to invest the 20% down payment of $19,910 and the normal homeownership expenses (above the cost of renting) over the years in the Dow Jones Industrial Index, the value of his portfolio in 2010 would have been $1,800,016. The stocks would have been worth more than the house by $1,503,196. If the analysis is based on 2007, the stock portfolio would have been worth $2,186,120, exceeding the house value by $1,625,850."

Great article. However, the author should have added that the 3.6% average annual return hardly beats inflation...i.e. there's hardly any return at all. Those are facts, not opinions, folks. Home price tracking carried out in areas of Europe - over hundreds of years - have shown the same thing: that the intrinsic value of housing does not change over time; it essentially tracks the rate of inflation. Btw, Warren Buffett has publicly stated the same thing.

#housing

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22   TimC   2011 Jul 15, 5:54am  

Some of you are not getting it. Account for inflation? Inflation is accounted for. The $ values are the actual dollar values today for both the house and the stock portfolio. Its really simple. Both cost what they cost then and cost what they cost now. Stocks clearly won. I own my house and at time I really wish I didnt. Always $$$ flying out of my pockets.

23   Dan8267   2011 Jul 15, 6:04am  

There have been a great number of articles showing that stocks are clearly a better investment than housing, and that housing has essentially a real (not nominal) return of slightly under 0% when you take into account taxes and expenses.

This makes sense since houses produce nothing, but they require maintenance, still deteriorate, and eventually need to be torn down and replaced.

As far as the demand curve for housing goes, I suspect now that Baby Boomers are retiring and have zero savings, they will keep the market flooded for the next 30 years.

24   thomas.wong1986   2011 Jul 15, 6:20am  

mdovell says

It's a hedge against inflation if the value of it keeps up. Certainly you agree that not all land is equal. An acre of land in the Bay Area is worth more than in Montana, a parking spot in Manhattan can probably go for more than a house in Detroit etc. Earning a return implies that values always go up.

The BA has experienced irrational behavior in RE. Even during our best decades of rational tech booms back in the 80s prices didnt skyrocket has they have in the past 10 years.

Per last Sundays 60minute piece, the depressed areas of mid-america, have the potential of yielding the equivalent of two Saudi Arabia overall oil deposits. Natural gas deposits have made mega millionaires in very depressed areas.

Leasing rights are getting 100K-400K per month up to $2M.. yes PER MONTH.. thats beats any ego prickhead at Google several times over...

http://www.cbsnews.com/video/watch/?id=7372850n&tag=cbsnewsMainColumnArea.6

http://money.cnn.com/2010/10/06/news/economy/penn_community/index.htm

TOWANDA, Pa. (CNNMoney.com) -- In the hills of northeast Pennsylvania, the boom in natural gas production turned mechanic Chris Sutton into a millionaire practically overnight.

Sutton recently leased his 154 acres of land on the Marcellus Shale to Talisman Energy for a $900,000 up front check, plus a 20% cut of the revenue of the natural gas extracted from his land.

25   thomas.wong1986   2011 Jul 15, 6:28am  

Sybrib says

Wealthy Asians who have the means to come here covet Fortress Communities in the cities along the Left Coast.

They are all Johnny come lately, and they came after the real boom has already passed behind us. These same people who dont have a passion compared to the prior decade workers will sink us further down. They are more interested in striking it rich than making a difference. See it every day!

26   marcus   2011 Jul 15, 6:46am  

Dan8267 says

As far as the demand curve for housing goes, I suspect now that Baby Boomers are retiring and have zero savings, they will keep the market flooded for the next 30 years.

I agree, but you are exaggerating this substantially. Boomers have to live somewhere, either they downsize, or they sell and rent (affecting rental demand which in turn affects prices). The curve that is affected is the spread between medium/higher end homes versus smaller entry level types of homes.

In other words, if you are in a small home looking to upgrade a few years out, things are looking very good for you.

Buy small, sell large (especially the McMansion).

27   marcus   2011 Jul 15, 6:51am  

TimC says

Stocks clearly won.

Yes. You have a firm grasp of one window of the past. This kind of thinking is the reason why there is often big demand at "the top."

28   tatupu70   2011 Jul 15, 7:11am  

I don't understand the point of this discussion at all. Why would you compare your residence to the stock market? That is a poor comparison. Your home isn't an investment, it's shelter.

You can do a rent vs. buy comparison to see what makes sense. Those calculations have been discussed to death here, so no need to go into it again.

Or you can compare an investment property vs. the stock market. But if you do, you HAVE to take into account the positive cash flow from the rental(s). The appreciation is usually a secondary concern--the cash flow is what's important.

29   Â¥   2011 Jul 15, 7:36am  

tatupu70 says

I don't understand the point of this discussion at all. Why would you compare your residence to the stock market? That is a poor comparison. Your home isn't an investment, it's shelter.

When you buy, you buy the sticks and you also get the land use rights in the title. These are the actual investment component of a home purchase.

Plus since houses are immobile (i.e. location monopoly with no substitute good), labor-intensive, and rather durable, their replacement value can actually appreciate faster than their wearing out depreciates them. This depends on the construction, climate, maintenance, and regional economics of course.

So even a non-investment property has an "asset value" and thus is an investment aside from the housing service the home provides as a durable good.

It's perfectly proper to try to analyze the rent vs. buy thing, since housing is nearly everyone's dominant life expense.

Tough to live a modern life without it!

30   edvard2   2011 Jul 15, 8:33am  

marcus says

Yes. You have a firm grasp of one window of the past. This kind of thinking is the reason why there is often big demand at "the top."

Like I said. If some of you think you're smarter than the bulk of economists and think that the last few years represents the future of the stock market and that the last 100+ years means nothing then go for it- invest in houses, rocks, and stamp collections.

31   marcus   2011 Jul 15, 8:57am  

edvard2 says

If some of you think you're smarter than the bulk of economists

Only smart enough to understand what it is that I don't know. 27 years of Nikkei shown here. But the rally that preceded this was extremely impressive. For most humans who invest, time frames of 10, 20 or 30 years, and sometimes even shorter time frames like 5 to 10 years can be very important.

32   mdovell   2011 Jul 15, 9:22am  

Just a few things.

"People with "alternative lifestyles" seem to favor parts of the Bay Area over places like, say, the Red-State-Fox-News Bubba Belt."

In all due respect the country has made pretty big leaps in acceptance of gays. Besides how is it Iowa with marriage legal but yet CA it isn't?

Sexual preference does not indicate political preference. It might be assumed to be to the left but in reality that is not a accurate assumption. The influence of the religious right might have caused that assumption but those organizations have largely faded from political life.

The BA area I just don't understand mostly because of their zig zag patters.
http://www.deptofnumbers.com/asking-prices/california/san-francisco/
in '09 it took a spike upward...and now in '11 the median has increased 14% YTD.
Maybe this is all speculation. It's enough to make your head spin!

I'm sure commodities will drive booms in the future. For example northern Nevada isn't nearly as bad as the Vegas area. Elko county has hardly anyone (45K I think) for a population but it is one of the most heavily mined area in the world for gold. In Hawaii recently it was announced that there might be a massive discovery of rare earth metals
www.reuters.com/article/2011/07/04/us-rareearth-japan-fb-idUSTRE7630U320110704 now I can't picture that much on factories at Hawaii but it's the optimal place. If electronics can be made there it is half way between North America and Asia making it pretty good for distribution.

33   tatupu70   2011 Jul 15, 9:30am  

Troy says

So even a non-investment property has an "asset value" and thus is an investment aside from the housing service the home provides as a durable good

Agreed-- I should have said a home isn't a pure investment.

34   corntrollio   2011 Jul 15, 10:48am  

marcus says

edvard2 says

If some of you think you're smarter than the bulk of economists

Only smart enough to understand what it is that I don't know. 27 years of Nikkei shown here. But the rally that preceded this was extremely impressive. For most humans who invest, time frames of 10, 20 or 30 years, and sometimes even shorter time frames like 5 to 10 years can be very important.

I wonder what the Nikkei's return during that period is with dividends. The number is sort of useless without.

35   thomas.wong1986   2011 Jul 15, 11:27am  

mdovell says

Sexual preference does not indicate political preference. It might be assumed to be to the left but in reality that is not a accurate assumption. The influence of the religious right might have caused that assumption but those organizations have largely faded from political life.

Santa Clara County...

Santa Clara County vote
by party in presidential elections
Year GOP DEM
2008 28.6% 190,039 69.5% 462,241
2004 34.6% 209,094 63.9% 386,100
2000 34.4% 188,750 60.7% 332,490
1996 32.2% 168,291 56.9% 297,639
1992 28.4% 170,870 49.2% 296,265
1988 47.0% 254,442 51.3% 277,810
1984 54.8% 288,638 43.7% 229,865
1980 48.0% 229,048 35.0% 166,995
1976 49.5% 219,188 46.9% 208,023
1972 51.9% 237,334 45.6% 208,506
1968 45.6% 163,446 48.4% 173,511
1964 36.6% 117,420 63.1% 202,249
1960 52.7% 131,735 47.1% 117,667
1956 59.1% 105,657 40.6% 72,528
1952 59.7% 91,940 39.7% 61,035
1948 53.3% 52,982 42.1% 41,905

36   marcus   2011 Jul 15, 11:31am  

corntrollio says

I wonder what the Nikkei's return during that period is with dividends. The number is sort of useless without.

Not entirely. You can assume reinvestment if you wish in which case buying at 15000 and selling at 10000 fifteen years later wouldn't be quite as bad as it seems. Dividends would be relatively low, since interest rates were extremely low during this period.

But point taken. This doesn't tell the whole story. It only tells you that there are recent relatively long periods of time in which investing in the nikkei would have been disastrous.

37   corntrollio   2011 Jul 15, 11:35am  

thomas.wong1986 says

Santa Clara County vote
by party in presidential elections

Yeah, and in some of those early years, there was still a substantial amount of land that was still orchards and other agricultural land. In the middle years, it was still when there was such thing as a moderate Republican (compare to the Republicans that used to be in the Northeast, are Olympia Snowe and Susan Collins the only ones left in the Senate? Well, okay, theoretically Brown.). Also, you can't forget that both Nixon and Reagan were Californians. But I'm not really sure why this is relevant or why we're even talking about it.

38   Dan8267   2011 Jul 15, 12:46pm  

marcus says

Boomers have to live somewhere, either they downsize, or they sell and rent

That's exactly what they will do. However, all that downsizing will greatly affect the market because everything is based on margins today. A slight change in supply or demand can cause large price swings. And use prolific use of leverage amplifies this effect.

I suspect that most baby boomers will not start renting. Rather, they will take one of the three courses:

1. Sell the big house, buy a small one or a condo. After all, the kids are all gone.
2. Take a reverse mortgage and use it for retirement. Live in the house until you run out of equity or die. Then let the bank take the house.
3. Sell the house and move into an assisted living facility.
4. Sell the house and move in with one of the kids. I think this will happen more than people expect.

39   Dan8267   2011 Jul 15, 12:58pm  

APOCALYPSEFUCK is Tony Manero says

Tulips are a lousy investment.

But flowers are pretty and they smell nice.

40   mdovell   2011 Jul 15, 9:22pm  

thomas.wong1986 says

Santa Clara County...

Santa Clara County vote
by party in presidential elections

One county in CA is not indicative of the whole country. Like I mentioned before how could marriage be legal in IA and not CA? Most libertarian thought cares nothing about who people marry so it becomes a non issue. NY just made it legal but we have to consider it also means supposedly another 180 million dollars in the states economy over the next three years! A marriage costs about as much as a car so by restricting it technically it is holding back spending.

41   Â¥   2011 Jul 16, 6:53am  

Dan8267 says

But flowers are pretty and they smell nice.

never got to play that game but I found a spoiler site / walkthrough and found the writing in that game to be amazingly deep and entertaining. Would make an excellent SF movie.

42   corntrollio   2011 Jul 18, 3:43am  

Dan8267 says

I suspect that most baby boomers will not start renting. Rather, they will take one of the three courses:

1. Sell the big house, buy a small one or a condo. After all, the kids are all gone.
2. Take a reverse mortgage and use it for retirement. Live in the house until you run out of equity or die. Then let the bank take the house.
3. Sell the house and move into an assisted living facility.
4. Sell the house and move in with one of the kids. I think this will happen more than people expect.

Except in California, because of Prop 13, where they will die in the house because the property tax is so ridiculously low and then let their children inherit a substantial majority if not all of the lower tax base. Yay, market distortions!

43   caracarpou   2011 Jul 18, 8:04am  

I purchased my investment property in 2006 for $2.5 million dollars. Recently, I’ve had a tremendously high vacancy rate due to the poor economy and it began taking a toll on all my reserves just to maintain the property. I tried to negotiate with my lender (CHASE) for a modification. I went round and round with the bank, submitting documents and so on and in the end, CHASE denied me for a modification. I couldn’t understand why they wouldn’t modify my loan when it was clear that the economy ham-stringed my ability to service the debt. The only thing that CHASE could tell me was that the investor was the one who declined the modification. I asked who the investor was and they would not tell me. It was then that I began to look closer at my original loan and I saw on the Deed of Trust that MERS was listed as the Beneficiary. With all the information about MERS in the news I decided to talk to an attorney. My attorney had an auditing company called Lighthouse Consulting Group review my documents for both a forensic analysis of my original loan documents as well as a Mortgage Securitization Audit. It turned out that my loan was securitized in a trust called “Structured Asset Mortgage Investments II Trust 2005- 8. It was in this trust; there is a pooling and serving agreement, which governs the rules of the REMIC Trust. In my loans pooling and servicing agreement, it said specifically that any loan modified would require a buy-back from the servicer. Now, it was about this time that I began to default on my loan and was looking at ultimately losing my investment property. I was already 6 months in default at this point. The individual I talked to that is an attorney and real estate broker immediately ordered a forensic audit for predatory lending. Commercial properties do not have TILA and RESPA violations. The attorney also ordered a securitization audit to verify if the lender that filed the NOD was actually in proper standing. Both audits reveled several issues about my loan. First, the forensic audit proved that my lender had wrongfully calculated my payment it was overstated by $350 per month. Secondly, the loan itself was an adjustable loan based off the Libor Index, which was dropping, but the loan always adjusted up. This was a major development in a very positive way for me. Then, I had the securitization audit show that my loan was never securitized properly and the note and deed were not even with the same party. My attorney drafted a complaint, outlining everything I have mentioned. As soon as the lender was served, they contacted my attorney and settled without going to court. The settlement I got was a principal balance reduction of $400,000; my interest rate was reduced to 4.5% fixed for 30 years.

44   Patrick   2011 Jul 18, 8:25am  

Wow, that's such a great story I created a new thread out of it, here:

http://patrick.net/?p=894473

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