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Stanford researcher is pioneering a dramatic shift in how we treat depression — and you can try her new tool right now


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2017 Sep 24, 7:22am   5,494 views  22 comments

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Depression is the leading cause of disability worldwide, and it can kill. But scientists know surprisingly little about it.

We do know, however, that talking seems to help — especially under the guidance of a licensed mental health professional. But therapy is expensive, inconvenient, and often hard to approach. A recent estimate suggests that of the roughly one in five Americans who have a mental illness, close to two-thirds have gone at least a year without treatment.

The newest of these tech-based treatments is Woebot, an artificially intelligent chatbot designed using cognitive-behavioral therapy, or CBT, one of the most heavily researched clinical approaches to treating depression.

Before you dismiss Woebot as a half-baked startup idea, know that it was designed by Alison Darcy, a clinical psychologist at Stanford, who tested a version of the technology on a small sample of real people with depression and anxiety long before launching it.

"The data blew us away," Darcy told Business Insider. "We were like, this is it."

The results of the trial were published Tuesday in the Journal of Medical Internet Research Mental Health.

Full Article: http://www.businessinsider.com/stanford-therapy-chatbot-depression-anxiety-woebot-2017-6

Woebot Link: https://woebot.io/

Link to Results of Trial: https://mental.jmir.org/2017/2/e19/

#Depression #SciTech #Medicine

Comments 1 - 22 of 22        Search these comments

1   HEY YOU   2017 Sep 24, 3:18pm  

I can't handle the pressure.Things aren't going my way.
What are snowflakes to do?
Stick around,the future may get really depressing.
There are many people in the world who are so much worse off than Americans.
I have a simple request: Could you entitled grow the fuck up?

Real depression - patrick.net. Lmao
2   NDrLoR   2017 Sep 24, 3:45pm  

anonymous says
If it’s a disease, why is it so hard to treat medically?


The same case could be made for calling alcoholism and drug addiction diseases.
3   justme   2017 Sep 24, 6:16pm  

Rethorical question: Okay, let's say depression is a disease. Then what is the pathogen causing it?

I'll answer: Depression is simply the emotional manifestation of a life that is going very badly. I don't think arguing about whether to call it a disease is really helpful in any form. As for cognitive behavioral therapy, it sounds a lot like a manipulation to make someone think that their life is not as bad as they think it is. Same with anti-depressant medications of the "happy-pill" variety, which I think pretty much means all such medications.
4   justme   2017 Sep 24, 7:11pm  

>>Alcoholism is now categorized as a disease/illness since 1956. What is the pathogen causing it ?

You prove my point exactly. Categorizing alcoholism as a disease is just a trick to get it covered by health insurance, and also a convenient way for alcoholics to abdicate any personal responsibility for becoming an alcoholic. Some people are likely more susceptible to alcoholism than others, genetically, but to categorize it as a disease is just a convenient cop-out. It makes both alcoholics and the people around them feel better, but it does not help anyone. Alcoholism is an ADDICTION, and may benefit from intervention or treatment, but that does not imply that it is a "disease".

>>How do you explain depression in people who's lives are not going very badly ?

How can you possibly know whether person's life is or has been going not according to plan, overall? Some people naively believe the claptrap that depression is just a "chemical imbalance" or some such nonsense. Maybe a woman treated her husband badly all his life, and now he is depressed. Is it her fault? Oh no, it is just a chemical imbalance! /sarc off/.
5   Philistine   2017 Sep 24, 7:49pm  

justme says
Depression is simply the emotional manifestation of a life that is going very badly
That's spoken by somebody who hasn't experienced depression.

It's not being sad or crying. It's got very little to do with how great or unfair your circumstances in life are. Depression prevents you from seeing your life and the world from a normative perspective.

Depression is waking up in the morning and not feeling like showering; why make coffee; your mom called two days ago and you still just can't call her back. Depression is the absence of feeling and even more so the absence of motivation. Yeah, being sad can be a part of that.

I don't see it as a disease. The treatment is uncertain. A lot of men go through life depressed--unfulfilled, put upon, living up to others' expectations but never fulfilling their own--but depression is supposedly just for women. Because "crying" and "emotional".
6   anonymous   2017 Sep 24, 8:10pm  

Scientists can inject rats with interferon and they will exhibit signs of depression.

https://www.deepdyve.com/lp/elsevier/interferon-alpha-treatment-induces-depression-like-behaviour-ITxUmw1FfL
Are these Millennial snowflake rats, or is there something chemical?
7   Philistine   2017 Sep 25, 7:51am  

anonymous says
Wish I could
I've just never bought into the popular notion of depression. It's a term that gets misused and abused for everyday, run of the mill frowny face fee fees, but it's not that at all.

My best friend from high school and I basically had to quit talking after 28 years because I just couldn't get him to ever see his life for what it was. He was constantly sabotaging his own opportunities and couldn't motivate, but instead saw doom in everything. I got a random text one night saying arrivederci and thanks for the memories. I chose to, for once, let him go and said good bye back.

All the therapists, prescription drugs, and my selfless friendship weren't enough to snap out of it. I still think about him and hope he didn't turn to suicide. But I am not a savior, and people who are depressed--truly-- don't want to be saved. I think many of them even get off on ruining their own lives and rejecting people. It makes me extremely melancholy, and that is definitely not depressed.
8   justme   2017 Sep 25, 4:40pm  

>>In over half the patients who participated in the research, the results were astonishing. Partial sleep deprivation and total sleep deprivation were found to be equally effective in the study. Sleep for three to four hours followed by a period of 20-21 hours of being awake as well as staying awake for 36 hours straight was found to be very effective.

The explanation for this could be as simple as being intensely interacted with (to keep them awake) made the patients feel that somebody cared about them. Presto, less depression. Not enough details in the article, but one commenter to the article said sleep deprivation made his depression much worse.
9   Tenpoundbass   2018 Jun 11, 5:34am  

reverse Cowgirl cures my depression.

10   Ceffer   2018 Jun 11, 10:39am  

RealDolls lolling their robot tongues to give head and a BlabberMouthBarbie tittering and sympathetic sound track cures depression in the feminist harangued modern male!

Stanford has co-opted proprietary corporate information!
11   Goran_K   2018 Jun 11, 11:23am  

Depression is very complex and I don't have the expertise to explain it.

I worked with a man who had 8 digit net worth, beautiful wife, and drove a nice sports car, living in a huge home in Santa Clarita Valley. 2 years after I met him, he shot himself in the mouth with a Remington 870 Express, and his wife saw the aftermath, along with their kid.

I remember thinking what a selfish asshole he was, until the son of one of my pastors did the same thing which devastated our church community. Then I started wondering what was causing people to do such a thing, and watched a youtube video where a man smarter than me began describing brain chemistry and how the brain is responsible for regulating mood and emotions, etc.

So now I hope medical science can find a way to help these people and have donated sizable amounts of money to this cause.
12   Heraclitusstudent   2018 Jun 11, 12:45pm  

Goran_K says
with a Remington 870 Express

Important detail.

Tim Aurora says
You have no idea what depression is. Very successful people have depression .

Bourdain, Spade.

We make most people work on soul crushing repetitive tasks. Or for money alone. Or for such futile endeavor as fame.
We destroy any sense of community, or simple belonging. We make people live away from their families.
We destroy any connection to something authentic or meaningful.
Then we are surprised that record numbers are depressed.

A few LSD trips would help.
13   mell   2018 Jun 11, 3:47pm  

Goran_K says
Depression is very complex and I don't have the expertise to explain it.

I worked with a man who had 8 digit net worth, beautiful wife, and drove a nice sports car, living in a huge home in Santa Clarita Valley. 2 years after I met him, he shot himself in the mouth with a Remington 870 Express, and his wife saw the aftermath, along with their kid.

I remember thinking what a selfish asshole he was, until the son of one of my pastors did the same thing which devastated our church community. Then I started wondering what was causing people to do such a thing, and watched a youtube video where a man smarter than me began describing brain chemistry and how the brain is responsible for regulating mood and emotions, etc.

So now I hope medical science can find a way to help these people and have donated sizable amounts of money to this cause.
Heraclitusstudent says
Goran_K says
with a Remington 870 Express

Important detail.

Tim Aurora says
You have no idea what depression is. Very successful people have depression .

Bourdain, Spade.

We make most people work on soul crushing repetitive tasks. Or for money alone. Or for such futile endeavor as fame.
We destroy any sense of community, or simple belonging. We make people live away from their families.
We destroy any connection to something authentic or meaningful.
Then we are surprised that record numbers are depressed.

A few LSD trips would help.
Feux Follets says
Goran_K says
Depression is very complex


Like cancer, addictions and other things - depression does not discriminate between rich, poor, male, female, races, age, country of origin etc. - it's an all around debilitator ready to take anyone down it can.


Actually I think it does. There may be quite a few cases where the brain simply went wrong chemically but I would bet that suicide rates in poor/starving south african regions or real indigenous people are near zero. Mankind's primary natural biological instincts and purpose is to procreate and take care of their family/tribe. After you've done all that you can invent great things, philosophies and art. But these are 2ndary. We have advanced "quality of life" to a level where government provides most things for you, incl. your daily stimulants and what is supposed to make you happy and keep you in line - except for that it doesn't. Iphones, fake celebrity crushes and fake diversity are no substitute for natural, biological stimulants and tribal cohesion. Even married people can be incredibly lonely and despite all the technological progress fights are as common as ever, and genders are pinned against each other. Back to the roots would help quite a lot here but I don't see it happening.
14   lostand confused   2018 Jun 11, 4:39pm  

I wonder if it has to do with purpose. before you were part of a community and had a role and fit in. Now you can do anything you want , but then what is life. The more you achieve the more meaningless it becomes. That true lifelong heart connections become rarer and rarer.

Back then you had your friends to pour your heart out to-now you pay a shrink 150 bucks an hour and stop when the clock stops ticking. The world's pace has picked up .
15   Heraclitusstudent   2018 Jun 11, 6:00pm  

mell says
Iphones, fake celebrity crushes and fake diversity are no substitute for natural, biological stimulants and tribal cohesion.


"Tribal cohesion" is Maslow's sense of belonging. It is a requirement for human psychological health.
Most people don't realize they have lost most of it, and how much they miss it.

More generally: it's a spiritual problem. Tribes are just it's locus. We lost it and we started living like robots, as if money, fame, or iphones were ever going to fill our souls.

And we treat it as a chemical imbalance, looking for a pill that will fix our souls.
16   anonymous   2019 Feb 12, 5:41pm  

First Big Depression Advance Since Prozac Nears FDA Approval

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration is on the brink of approving a breakthrough drug that could upend the way severe depression is treated.

Johnson & Johnson’s esketamine, a close chemical cousin of the anesthetic ketamine, cleared a major hurdle on Tuesday when a panel of outside experts recommended that the FDA approve the treatment. The fast-acting antidepressant, administered via a nasal spray, is being tested in major depressive disorder and suicidal thinking. If approved, it would be the first major therapeutic advance for depression since the introduction of Prozac in 1987.

Prozac and other currently available antidepressants take weeks to work and don’t help all patients, so esketamine could mark a significant shift in depression therapy.

The panel voted 14-2 with one abstention that the benefits of the drug and a safety program proposed by the company to keep it from being misused outweigh the risks of abuse.

“I believe esketamine has the potential to be a game-changer in the treatment of depression,” Walter Dunn, a panel member and a psychiatrist at the West Los Angeles Veterans Administration Medical Center, said after the vote. “The rates of response in this treatment-resistant population is better than we’ve seen. The rapid timeline of response is better. There’s nothing approved that gets patients better this fast.”

Amid the opioid addiction and overdose epidemic in the U.S., the panel of experts weighed the abuse potential of ketamine, which at much higher doses is a party drug and can put users into a “k hole” in which they’re unable to interact with the world around them. In a report ahead of the meeting, agency staff called ketamine abuse “relatively uncommon,” with just 1.3 percent of people over age 12 abusing the drug, lower than the abuse rates for other hallucinogens like ecstasy and LSD.

“Ketamine is a nasty drug,” said Steve Meisel, a panel member and system director of medication safety at Fairview Health Services in Minneapolis. “It’s been around for 50 years. Those of us who have seen it used know the adverse-event profile is large.”

But Meisel said he was convinced by a patient survey Johnson & Johnson conducted. “We don’t take the patient voice into account enough,” he said.

Some patients taking esketamine experienced disassociation, an out-of-body experience that the company says cropped up within an hour of treatment and would be monitored in an office setting if it occurs. Some patients also experienced modest spikes in blood pressure during that window.

Esketamine was developed by J&J after a group of researchers discovered that ketamine, an off-patent drug, had a surprisingly rapid antidepressant effect. Some of the first research showing this dates back to the 1990s, and that work was furthered by the National Institutes of Health before being developed into a pharmaceutical treatment by J&J.

J&J plans to call the drug Spravato, it said in a statement following the advisory panel meeting.

“Our comprehensive research program for esketamine nasal spray supports a positive benefit-risk profile for adults with treatment-resistant depression,” said Husseini Manji, global head of the neuroscience therapeutic area at the J&J unit that developed the drug, Janssen Research & Development

Studies have also shown ketamine has the potential to rapidly reduce suicidal thinking, and J&J is studying esketamine for in depressed patients on the verge of killing themselves as well. That data is expected later this year.

The nasal spray is a key part of J&J’s pharmaceutical pipeline, as the company faces flagging sales weighed down by drug-pricing scrutiny and biosimilar competition for one of its biggest drugs, the blockbuster arthritis drug Remicade.

https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-02-12/first-big-depression-advance-since-prozac-nears-fda-approval?srnd=premium
17   Ceffer   2019 Feb 12, 5:43pm  

My WoeBot committed suicide after listening to me at length. What do I do now?
18   Ceffer   2019 Feb 12, 6:00pm  

My WoeBot set up a Facebook page and started encouraging high school students to hang themselves. Did I get a defective model? How do I get my money back if I'm dead?
19   clambo   2019 Feb 13, 2:00pm  

The old Apple II had a fun little program which was pretended to be a shrink.

You would type in something and it would generate responses like "tell me more" "that's interesting" "how does that make you feel?" etc.
20   Ceffer   2019 Feb 13, 5:34pm  

clambo says
You would type in something and it would generate responses like "tell me more" "that's interesting" "how does that make you feel?" etc.


Yup, shrinks and psychologists all have their 'fake empathy' shtick, when they are probably thinking, 'Should I call the cops now, or later?''Should I deploy the tranquilizer gun?''Should I call the white coats for padded room escort?''Seesh, what a loser, how long am I going to have to listen to this shit!'.
21   BayArea   2019 Feb 13, 9:56pm  

APOCALYPSEFUCKisShostikovitch says
Again ALL! YOU! NEED! IS! FREEDOM!

See someone depressed?

Pull out a roscoe and fire off a few rounds with the barrel next to their ear and order them to get happy and peppy and bursting with love or the next one goes between their fucking eyes, ASSHOLE!


???
22   Ceffer   2019 Feb 14, 12:20am  

APOCALYPSEFUCKisShostikovitch says
A solid punch in the face and a heart-felt "Snap the fuck out of it" is all anyone needs.

Fake empathy, or a vigorous bitch slapping: your choice.

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