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The Global Property Boom: Danger and Delusion


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2006 Apr 17, 2:19am   22,333 views  271 comments

by Randy H   ➕follow (0)   💰tip   ignore  


Today's (Monday April 17, 2006) Financial Times features an in-depth treatment of the global housing market. The headline reads:

The Global Property Boom
Dangers of the Housing Market Delusion

The opening article is by Martin Wolf. Some interesting excerpts:

Higher prices merely redistribute income among residents [as opposed to creating real wealth], mainly from young to old

Where prices have risen far faster than underlying incomes, only two possibilities exist. Either prices have moved to a higher equilibrium level, in which case future purchasers will have to save more and consume less. That would itself have significant economic implications. Or they have reached an unsustainable level, in which case they will fall in real terms. That would have more significant economic implications. [Note that both possibilities have very significant economic implications]

The future will tell us which and where -- possibly quite soon.

Germany, Japan, US, France, UK, Australia, Spain, Ireland, and New Zealand are all covered and plotted comparatively. A quick summary of the most notable comparisons:

Real House Prices:

Ireland, Spain and UK, by far the highest

Next are France, US, Australia, New Zealand.

As of YE 2005, only Australia, and UK prices are heading down.

Lowest (and still falling as of YE 2005) real prices are Japan and Germany. These two countries are the only to be below 100 on the real-price index, meaning RE has been losing value in these countries in real terms from around 1995 (1995=100 on index) to 2005.

Affordability

Least affordable: Ireland, Spain, UK. Australia and New Zealand were trending up with the top 3 until around 2003.

France is the next least affordable, and on track to overtake the UK soon.

US affordability was almost exactly equal to France until around 2002, when US affordability erosion started slowing, and was flat as of YE 2005.

Again, Germany and Japan are the most affordable, ranking around 75 on a 1995=100 index of price-to-income. Since right around 1995, both Japan and Germany have been locked in almost identical, long-term real-price deflation and increasing affordability trends.

What will USD 1M Buy you Abroad?

London: 328 sq ft, 70% of a 1 bed room flat; 30% of a 4 BR house
Tokyo: 522 sq ft, 100% of a 1 bed room flat; 40% of a 4 BR house
New York: 557 sq ft, 110% of a 1 bed room flat; 50% of a 4 BR house
Paris: 594 sq ft, 120% of a 1 bed room flat; 50% of a 4 BR house
Moscow: 624 sq ft, 120% of a 1 bed room flat; 50% of a 4 BR house
Madrid: 1,074 sq ft, 210% of a 1 bed room flat; 90% of a 4 BR house
Mallorca: 1,663 sq ft, 330% of a 1 bed room flat; 140% of a 4 BR house
Manchester UK: 1,843 sq ft, 370% of a 1 bed room flat; 150% of a 4 BR house
Croatia: 3,254 sq ft, 650% of a 1 bed room flat; 270% of a 4BR house
Bulgaria (on coast of Black Sea): 6,803 sq ft, 1,360% of a 1 bed room flat; 570% of a 4 BR house

Note that some of these countries, noticeably Spain, seem to be affordable from a US perspective (in terms of prices), but it ranks very poorly on real-price and affordability ratings due to low incomes and interest rate to inflation mismatch problems (which is a problem for EMU countries such as Ireland and Spain which suffer from France & Germany's deficits in monetary terms).

The original articles are here and here (online version, requires pay subscription). There are a few others which appeared in print that are also surely online. If you have a FT account, you'll have no trouble finding them.

Post by Randy H

#housing

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202   astrid   2006 Apr 18, 2:06am  

"Or perhaps, a 666 pin, see what the 6th of June does for home sales."

Hehe, we could research what happened in the year 6 or 1006...

203   DinOR   2006 Apr 18, 2:07am  

newsfreak,

Welcome to the United States of Real Estate! This is why there are so many among us that are quite sure that the the FED would NEVER do anything detrimental to the bubble! This goes a long way toward explaining the mania of 2004 and 2005. Truly and totally unnecessary but without ANY fear that the Fed would raise rates in any meaningful way the party went on.

204   DinOR   2006 Apr 18, 2:13am  

newsfreak,

A pin made of precious metal. How appropriate! I'm not an "Anglophile" in particular so being as how you're in PA a replica of those used at Gettysburg would be acceptable. We'll have Bubble Busting Campaign Ribbons with annual re-enactments of bears cutting down crooked appraisers and realtors.

205   edvard   2006 Apr 18, 2:14am  

SFwoman,
The CL forum is a little asanine. Those people are absolutly nuts and when I used to go there, it was fairly frusturating due to the large amount of anons. You had no clue who said what, or where the conversation was going. I have a theory that the CL forum is inhabited by Realtors who post anonymous posts of people who claim they want to buy regardless of the costs.

206   astrid   2006 Apr 18, 2:17am  

I don't attribute the Fed with bad intent, but I do attribute the Fed with appeasing the wishes of short sighted politicians and CEOs.

207   Randy H   2006 Apr 18, 2:22am  

The FED is paranoid of DEFLATION, and seeks to maintain a lot of control over liquidity. When people refuse to spend or invest and instead save, the Central Bank cannot so easily force an economy out of deflation cycles. Japan is the most recent case study. The folks running the Fed are students of the Great Depression and Japanese Deflation.

208   Randy H   2006 Apr 18, 2:29am  

Actually, what we're doing right now on Patrick.net is an example of price-deflation force at work. Assuming we aren't all wrong about the RE/credit bubbles:

We are refusing to make purchase decisions, or making sales decisions, because we PERCEIVE that a dollar today will be worth MORE tomorrow, at least as far as buying a home goes. So we'd rather put our dollar somewhere else than a home because we fear a dollar in a home will DEPRECIATE.

When this kind of thing hits general prices for everyday goods and durable goods, things can get bad real fast. Image people acting this way about (elastic) things like cars, refrigerators, home-improvements, clothes, designer bags, and trips to Disney. The Fed will use all its power to prevent this ever happening, at least in the current era of Fed leadership.

209   Randy H   2006 Apr 18, 2:31am  

newsfreak,

and deflation becomes real if the price of everything is so high (from higher oil prices), that consumers cut spending?

Note quite. Prices are always relative, so high or low doesn't really affect the equation. It is what consumers perceive about the future direction of prices.

210   DinOR   2006 Apr 18, 2:35am  

astrid,

Thanks for putting that to rest. If the FED truly had any desire to put an end to this misery (and I call it that because this will end with a lot of misery) we would have seen 50, 75 and 100 bps rate hikes. They would have been well within their rights to have done so. Had that been the case all that would remain to be done is to contend with the tax code and dealing with those that put themselves under water through equity extraction. It could have, should have been dealt with no later than the end of 2003! But I think there was a certain curiousity to see where this would all lead. How far would the American people take it? Just how far would we let this thing get out of control? Did anyone else notice a certain Dr. Mengele fascination this event?

211   FormerAptBroker   2006 Apr 18, 2:40am  

astrid Says:

"There’s something about a Hummer that just screams nuisance value. As you say, H3 = Honda Pilot (and H2 = F150) people who buy H2s and H3s are buying it to flaunt and piss other drivers off."

As we talked about before most Hummer drivers are not trying to "piss people off", but trying to "feel bigger even they may be short (or have something else that is short)"...

212   DinOR   2006 Apr 18, 2:41am  

Not in any way to trivialize those that suffered at the hands of Josef Mengele!

213   Garth Farkley   2006 Apr 18, 2:42am  

Astrid said,

"They either dream of being RE moguls in 5 years or they believe that they’ll be locked out if they wait."

Fear and greed haven't gone away. I am personally quite addicted to both emotions. They are the engines behind much of our decision making.

The question for each of us is which way we decide to steer in the hopes of assuaging our fear and slaking our hunger for the finer things -- a life of security, ease and comfort. And the greater question is which way the great mass of people will steer, which direction will the psychology of fear and greed turn them?

I read a lot about "sheeple" here. It rings false to me. Arrogant psuedo-intellectual superiority. Like it or not, we are part of the herd. If you don't accept it you're likely to get trampled or left behind. None of us is nearly as strong as all of us.

214   FormerAptBroker   2006 Apr 18, 2:44am  

nomadtoons2 Says:

"SFwoman, The CL forum is a little asanine. Those people are absolutly nuts"

As bad as things get around here they are 100 times better than the best CL forum...

215   DinOR   2006 Apr 18, 2:45am  

newsfreak,

I have friends in advertising too and can honestly say it is the most brutal environment out there. I'm o.k with that.

What I take exception to is the way that the consumer allows him/herself to be manipulated from the "womb to the tomb". Whay do we make it so easy for them to exploit us?

216   IUnknown   2006 Apr 18, 2:46am  

Have you noticed that every article about the housing market these days ends with something along the lines of:

Nonetheless, optimism remains. "I believe we're still going to have a good real estate market this year," said MLS president Christopher Armstrong, broker for Century 21 Princeton Properties in Holbrook.

Basically every article can be summarized as:

The numbers are bleak, inventory is piling up, nobody is buying, builders are slashing prices, ARMs are coming due, and ma and pa sellers aren't lowering prices, but we think this is normal and will get about a 6% appreciation.

217   skibum   2006 Apr 18, 2:48am  

Sorry about the long post.

RE: the Fed's role in the RE bubble, this is from the section "Goals of Monetary Policy" from the Fed's own website: www.federalreserve.gov:

The goals of monetary policy are spelled out in the Federal Reserve Act, which specifies that the Board of Governors and the Federal Open Market Committee should seek "to promote effectively the goals of maximum employment, stable prices, and moderate long-term interest rates." ...stable prices foster saving and capital formation, because when the risk of erosion of asset values resulting from inflation--and the need to guard against such losses--are minimized, households are encouraged to save more and businesses are encouraged to invest more.

Now lets give the Fed the benefit of the doubt and disregard the possibility of conspiracy/ulterior motives for Fed actions. From a non-economist point of view, it seems to me that IF the Fed were acting in good faith according to their mission, their primary goals would be "stable prices, maximum employment, and moderate long-term rates." Then, how could the Fed in good conscience continue to prop the housing bubble? Savings would continue to erode, lowering rates during a RE crash would possibly re-ignite inflation and devalue the dollar, both of which are in direct contradiction to the Fed's mission. Am I being naive, or am I missing something?

218   Randy H   2006 Apr 18, 2:48am  

DinOR,

A neoclassical economist would say that we "make it so easy for them" because it is in our interest to do so. This is because they equate standard of living with per capita GDP. I don't think per capita GDP really captures standard of living beyond a certain threshold (but it definitely does below that threshold; for example developing/third world countries aren't concerned about the finer points of living, just living).

219   DinOR   2006 Apr 18, 2:52am  

newsfreak,

Since so much of this bubble has been in truly uncharted waters I think there was a certain level of curiousity on the part of the Fed and Fed watchers to see if this couldn't be a new "lever" to add to their tool bag. You've got to admit, initially it worked well. The recession was kept shallow and brief with very little pain and the HB kick started the recovery in grand fashion! I think there was a level of temptation to see if it could be used for more than just a way to stave off recessions?

220   Randy H   2006 Apr 18, 2:53am  

skibum,

I agree that on your opinion of the Fed. I think they are good people who take their mission seriously. I was just trying to help people think through the "conspiracy" logic so they can understand the proposition and decide for themselves. Like I said, I really don't believe in conspiracy theories. People don't generally cooperate well enough to make them work (it's basic game theory).

@SFWoman

BHs = Bubble Heads = all of us here

221   surfer-x   2006 Apr 18, 2:53am  

Get the vomit bowl ready

www.msnbc.msn.com/id/12288548/

Key quote "Boomers are no strangers to drugs,” said Sallie Foley, author of Sex & Love for Grownups. “They see drugs as their friends.”

222   astrid   2006 Apr 18, 2:55am  

FAB,

"As we talked about before most Hummer drivers are not trying to “piss people off”, but trying to “feel bigger even they may be short (or have something else that is short)”…"

I phrased my point a bit poorly. What I meant to say the things offered by an H2 or H3, the sense of being unique and above the fray, manifests themselves as nuisance to other drivers, ie indifference to traffic situations, blocking other driver's views, and general bad driving. So, not that Hummer drivers buy H2 to be jerks, but that they become jerks when they buy the Hummer.

Or maybe it's just a self selected sample, as per your observation on Hummer drivers' height.

223   Garth Farkley   2006 Apr 18, 2:58am  

DinOR,

Correct me if I'm wrong, I'm just learning from you economic geeks. In fiat money systems increased liquidity is the same as increased money supply, no? So facilitating the HELOC boom with low rates, easy credit, favorable cap gains laws, and inflated appraisals of paper "equity" is a neat way to expand the money supply?

224   HeadSet   2006 Apr 18, 3:12am  

Randy H says:
Especially given that this will create very real social implications: where different classes of people can live, what schools they can attend, what colleges they can afford, etc. Land Barons, courtesy of the “free market”, and defended by fair-weather free-market fundamentalists

Several of your posts show an anti free market bias. Free markets did not cause this bubble, easy money thanks to Uncle Sam did. Do you think that banks would be so easy with credit is they did not have gov backing on loans? Would loans be so cheap if banks had only depositors money ("retail money") to lend, and not from the Federal Reserve? Think back to the Carter era for another example. Carter (in what would seem a Republican thing to do) raised the federal deposit insurance from $10,000 per depositor to $100,000. The result was that S&Ls made riskier loans and we ended up with a large bailout. You may think that bank regulation would negate the negative effects of gov insurance, but as you may recall, a few bought off politicians kept the regulators off the backs of Lincoln S&L and others.

The bubble was caused by easy credit and will pop unless the gov finds ways to pump more borrowed cash into the hands of a free spending public.

225   Garth Farkley   2006 Apr 18, 3:15am  

Newsfreak,

Right. I guess I meant to ask DinOR whether increasing the availability of credit is the same as increasing the money supply. I think it has something to do with the concept of creating paper money in the first place. That is, the government is somehow really just making a loan by printing money or a bank "note".

It's all new to me so you'll have to explain if you don't want your disciples wandering around half-blind.

226   DinOR   2006 Apr 18, 3:17am  

Garth,

We are awash in capital. We're literally gagging on it. No question. The question is (in my mind anyway) after the Fed had adeptly avoided a deeper recession or even a depression why were they so reluctant to close the valve? It was so obvious that the penny ante rate hikes were having NO EFFECT of the bubble and yet they maintained this snails pace in addressing it with measured language. The now famous "froth" comment didn't come until when?

227   Randy H   2006 Apr 18, 3:19am  

Headset,

Several of your posts show an anti free market bias.

Perhaps you haven't read enough of my posts. I am a strong proponent of free markets; probably about as close as one can get without being a free market fundamentalist ideologue. However, in the real world no markets are truly free; all of them exist within legal frameworks, fiscal policy, and monetary reality.

I don't generally make value statements about whether these policies are good or bad. I'm not smart enough and don't have the data the policy makers do. I just think through their strategy (or apparent strategy) and point out the logical benefits and shortcomings.

I do maintain a perspective which is sometimes disagreed with here: free market mechanics tend to find optimizations with unmatched efficiency. However these same mechanics favor getting "stuck" on early efficiencies and eschew taking "pain" in order to discover greater efficiencies. This is local maxima theory. Only government intervention can unstick a non-optimizing market (more precisely, one that is maximizing at a lower maxima point than is possible given the entire market function).

228   Randy H   2006 Apr 18, 3:24am  

My favorite SpamBot from today's filter:

I am jealous of this blog. Very few comments are wrong, if any at all. I set your site as one of my favorites.Be back blogging shortly.

229   Garth Farkley   2006 Apr 18, 3:28am  

And I am blogous of this jell.

230   edvard   2006 Apr 18, 3:29am  

The average American is in over $8500 in credit card debt. That aught to mean something to a few economists.

231   DinOR   2006 Apr 18, 3:30am  

Randy H,

You're kidding right? Thanks for sharing that. Something indeed is "in the air!"

232   HARM   2006 Apr 18, 3:32am  

I read a lot about “sheeple” here. It rings false to me. Arrogant psuedo-intellectual superiority. Like it or not, we are part of the herd. If you don’t accept it you’re likely to get trampled or left behind. None of us is nearly as strong as all of us.

Perhaps I'm just kidding myself, but I like to think there are two alternatives to being a sheeple: 1. shepherd, 2. wolf :-)

233   Randy H   2006 Apr 18, 3:39am  

From the wisdom of Pink Floyd (Animals):

Most people fall into three categories:

* Pigs
* Dogs
* Sheep

I don't fancy the outcomes for any of the above. I'll chose to be one of those rare foxes and take my chances running from the farmer and his dogs, thanks.

234   HARM   2006 Apr 18, 3:40am  

Correct me if I’m wrong, I’m just learning from you economic geeks. In fiat money systems increased liquidity is the same as increased money supply, no? So facilitating the HELOC boom with low rates, easy credit, favorable cap gains laws, and inflated appraisals of paper “equity” is a neat way to expand the money supply?

Exactly. And because this method of money expansion is dificult for your average sheeple (sorry Garth ;-) ) to understand, it is a lot more "stealthy" than simply running the printing presses night and day, al-la Weimar Republic. Unfortunately, it is also notoriously difficult for the Fed to "steer" the money in any particular direction. The money gets lent to whomever and for whatever purpose the banks believe will maximize their return. So a lot of it ends up in sub-prime RE lending and the international carry trade.

235   Randy H   2006 Apr 18, 3:42am  

...and by disavowing home owners of their equity savings accounts the Fed very effectively changes the overall money multiplier. It's a way to increase the money supply without printing any money.

236   astrid   2006 Apr 18, 3:44am  

Garth,

They're called sheeple because they're (1) easily lead (by shysters) (2) to their (financial) slaughter. This isn't pseudo-intellectual anything, it's everyday observation of people killing their financial future in an end stage pyramid scheme.

As for me, I'm going to be clam when RE fallout happens.

237   Garth Farkley   2006 Apr 18, 3:48am  

Those of you who fancy yourselves to be wolves, go ahead run wild.

I will continue to believe that the natural state of man, outside of society, "is solitary, poor, nasty brutish and short." But you are surely a better man, an ubermensch. (sp?)

238   HARM   2006 Apr 18, 3:54am  

@Garth,

You only read part of what I wrote. The other alternative is to be a shepherd. You can try to guide the flock away from the cliff of self destruction. It's a thankless and frustrating job, I know, but someone's got to do it. :mrgreen:

239   Randy H   2006 Apr 18, 3:54am  

Die Schafleute

Literally sheep-people

240   HARM   2006 Apr 18, 3:55am  

Hey, isn't it about time for DinOR's "ideal buyer in a bear market" thread?

241   astrid   2006 Apr 18, 3:55am  

Garth,

Sounds like you're mixing your Locke and your Hobbes. Just because we live in society doesn't mean we're all equal. This isn't a binary choice.

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