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The China Syndrome


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2005 Jul 21, 1:19pm   8,397 views  74 comments

by HARM   ➕follow (0)   💰tip   ignore  

So China's decided to let their currency (RMB) appreciate 2% against the dollar. And they've decided to re-peg it to a "basket" of international currency (Euro, Yen, Peso, etc.), instead of strictly against the U.S. dollar. Hmmm... what to make of these developments?

Given that China's central banks hold approx. $500 billion in U.S. Treasuries and MBS (Mortgage-Backed Securities), and --along with other asian neighbors who have large trade surpluses with us-- one would expect some impact on the U.S. mortgage market. Conventional wisdom holds that currency "diversification" basically translates as "fewer Yankee dollars". This would tend to throw cold water on demand for both the MBSs themselves (which directly reduces mortgage lending liquidity), and the 10-year Treasuries that fixed mortgage interest rates are tied to. This in turn means less credit for the mortgage market directly, and higher 10-year rates (which would be the Treasury market's logical response to a drop in demand).

On the other hand, you have the Renminbi's slight appreciation against the dollar, with the very possibility of more "adjustments" to come. This would seem to counteract the impact of the RMB's "basket" diversification on Treasury/MBS demand. After all, what is China likely to buy with that extra 2% (with more to come), but more Treasuries and MBSs? After all, they still have to find some way of spending/investing all those dollars they're getting from their most generous trading partner --Uncle Sam. Of course, if China allows its currency to appreciate more rapidly, this could put a damper on demand for Chinese goods by U.S. consumers, which in turn reduces the inflow of dollars (and China's appetite for dollar-denominated assets).

Does every action by the BoC have an equal and opposite reaction? Discuss...

HARM

#housing

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1   Zephyr   2005 Jul 21, 2:01pm  

Regarless of what the Chinese peg their currency to, they will still accumulate dollars as a consequence of sales to us.

2   gabby   2005 Jul 21, 2:22pm  

Suggestion - I can't keep up with all the blogs. How about we do a daily one that way we don't have to bounce between them. Call it out like:
Thursday July 21st blog - then a conversation starter if so inclined. We are really using blogging as a form of an archived chat room after all.

3   HARM   2005 Jul 21, 2:24pm  

Warning to Trolls:
Post nonsensical trash and you and your comments go bye-bye.

4   gabby   2005 Jul 21, 2:25pm  

Oh and if we all get saturated with the market I thought of a fun game at like 3am this morning when I couldn't sleep.

We could play the 'evil twin, devils advocate' game. Basically all bubble heads become RE bulls and all RE bulls become bubble heads. A prize goes to the most convincing player. (prize will be a cold beer at the TBD party in the future or the accolades of your blogging friends).

5   HARM   2005 Jul 21, 2:31pm  

Scott - good point. You would expect that would further devalue the USD against ALL major currencies.

6   gabby   2005 Jul 21, 2:31pm  

It's the top story in the economist today:
http://tinyurl.com/al7d9

Interesting they note the housing market is slowing there.

7   gabby   2005 Jul 21, 2:37pm  

On a side note I spoke to my mother in NZ - the font of all knowledge and the RE market has completely flattened there. It happened pretty quickly, houses were staying on the market longer and not commanding the high prices. People are nervous about upcoming elections as National (equiv of the Libs here) might get in and they fear the economy will go down. Pretty typical cycle, the UK leads, Aus. follows them and NZ follows Aus.

8   HARM   2005 Jul 21, 2:48pm  

Thanks for the link, gabby.

Sorry if the thread-switching is wearing you down ;-). It used to take a week or two before it was time to start a new thread. Now they fill up in a day or two, if not hours. Of course one alternative is to just keep thread-hopping and keep letting them all grow longer.

It's a bit too early to tell, but my guess is both moves ("basket" diversification & re-pegging) will both have a mildly bearish effect on U.S. mortgage/Treasury markets long-term.

9   Peter P   2005 Jul 21, 3:04pm  

I seriously doubt that RMB will appreciate significantly. I think we will soon hear that RMB is cheaper than pre-revalue level. After all, it is pegged to some secret basket and the Chinese central bank now has more variables to play with (or to manipulate).

10   gabby   2005 Jul 21, 3:04pm  

It's funny I was on an email list from some financial type advisor a friend recommended for his sage advice. He sent out a thread about RE and it started with him saying it was a good growth opportunity and there were still some bargains around. I sent him a link to this site and the next email was the complete opposite. Today he sent out yet another mail that talked about what to do in a global depression! Gee I didn't think we were that down on the market.

Kate; what makes you so worried about the market forces in general? I agree things feel shaky but I don't (yet at least) subscribe to everything falling completely apart. We are a global market that seems to represent a membrane where it wobbles and the growth moves from one area to the next. M theory for the new global economy:) Diversification is probably the best strategy. Of course I haven't done this myself yet due to work craziness - my money is between here and Australia but they are pretty tied together so it's not much of a balance.

11   gabby   2005 Jul 21, 3:06pm  

Has anyone read that new book about the move of wealth to Asia and commentary on what the US government should be doing to preserve the economy? Heard about it today on NPR but don't recall the name.

12   HARM   2005 Jul 21, 3:06pm  

I’m moving my (non-RE) investments to concentrate more on bonds. It’s time again… tough days ahead, I think

Kate,

I'd be careful about which bond funds you choose --many of them are loaded with REITs (Real Estate Investement Trusts) and MBSs. And we know where those are probably headed. Plus it looks like short-term (and possibly long-term) rates are both heading up soon. Personally, I'd want to stick with AA-grade corporate bonds and/or short-term Treasuries.

As Peter always says, "not investment advice." ;-)

13   Peter P   2005 Jul 21, 3:06pm  

We could play the ‘evil twin, devils advocate’ game.

Great idea, gabby! Should we start a new thread for the game? ;)

14   gabby   2005 Jul 21, 3:10pm  

Peter P - hmm I was about to go to bed, old nana that I am. How about tomorrow night? Or next week when I'm lost in translation in Tokyo and need my online pals to stop me being lonely. It will be fun I think.

You can start it tonight if you want - we can keep it going for a few days and I can catch up. I hope the trolls play too. Then again if they don't read the thread it will confuse them a lot and be all the more amusing:)

15   Peter P   2005 Jul 21, 3:11pm  

How about tomorrow night?

Sure. I will be PeterPrime. ;)

16   gabby   2005 Jul 21, 3:13pm  

Hmmm isn't the latest theory a sort of M and String theory combined? So perhaps we are on a large membrane (large to us at least, not sure on the infinite level) with strings within it. This might represent the global economy on the membrane and local markets on the string part. That explains everything.

As HARM always says, “not physics advice.” :)

17   gabby   2005 Jul 21, 3:14pm  

GabbyMatador for me

18   gabby   2005 Jul 21, 3:15pm  

..and of course a cameo by MarinaBubbleicious

19   HARM   2005 Jul 21, 3:17pm  

Has anyone read that new book about the move of wealth to Asia and commentary on what the US government should be doing to preserve the economy? Heard about it today on NPR but don’t recall the name.

Haven't heard of it, but frankly I don't know if there's anything the government can or should do about it. Didn't government manipulation of/intervention in financial markets get us into this mess in the first place? Globalization seems to be a macroecomic shift that's too big even for this country to stop. About the only thing we can do is try to stimulate and grow new industries in areas where we still maintain a competitive advantage.

Removing incentives for speculation, and increasing them for people who save and for businesses that invest in domestic R&D might help, but I don't see that happening anytime soon.

20   Peter P   2005 Jul 21, 3:17pm  

..and of course a cameo by MarinaBubbleicious

With juicy tomato and fresh basil from his owned garden?

21   gabby   2005 Jul 21, 3:18pm  

That his gardener grew and his personal chef prepared just that night? Yes that's the one;)

22   Peter P   2005 Jul 21, 3:24pm  

NapoV, China has an "advantage" because it is not a democracy yet.

23   HARM   2005 Jul 21, 3:27pm  

Count me in for 'evil twins' -- I can be "Debtaholic".

24   praetorian   2005 Jul 21, 3:38pm  

Alright, I'm game. Here's the criticism:

All you housing bears say that there is going to be a massive correction, and that all the people who bought in the last year or two are going to be underwater when their mortgages adjust. But the Fed will be right there to bail them out. They will hold rates very low, by any means necessary. They have successfully talked China into revaluing, which will spark inflation, which will eat down the debt owed on housing. The only people who lose are people who are asset poor: namely, renters.

Have at it.

Cheers,
prat

25   SQT15   2005 Jul 21, 3:39pm  

This is off thread but.. There was an article in the Sac Bee today about how rents are going up. One of the main culprits, the article claimed, was that many apartments were being converted into condos reducing the inventory of apts availiable. Don't they say condo's are the last thing to take off in a hot market and the first to fall?

26   SQT15   2005 Jul 21, 3:41pm  

I can be Fake S. I can start by telling everyone that I don't like them. ;)

27   Peter P   2005 Jul 21, 3:44pm  

SactoQt, apartment conversions do not reduce housing supply because it gives one owned unit for each rental unit taken away. It takes a lot of time to proceed with a conversion and many of such projects are poorly timed - they tend to hit the market when there is already a glut of homes.

I suspect that those converted "condos" will be bought by smarter investors in the coming downturn and made into rentals again.

28   Peter P   2005 Jul 21, 3:45pm  

Prat, we are starting tomorrow night, no?

29   Peter P   2005 Jul 21, 3:51pm  

Arguably Malaysia, Singapore were (and still are) only quasi-democratic countries and very paternalistic just like China.

China is not even quasi-democratic. It is actually ruled by a communist part (which plays the game of capitalism reasonably well by bending some rules).

I agree that that size matters here. It is not easy to mobilize hundreds of billions of dollar into a country with currency control.

30   Zephyr   2005 Jul 21, 4:01pm  

SactoQt: Condo conversions are happening in many cities around the country. Investors are looking to arbitrage the difference between the value as a rental and the price that people will pay for the condo. Apartments are valued by capitalizing the rental income. Condos are valued by whatever the market will bear. Right now in most places the condo price to rent ratio is higher than the apartment price to rent ratio. In other words, individual buyers will pay significantly more than income investors will pay.

As apartments are converted it reduces the supply of rentals and increases the supply of condos (unless the new buyers rent them out). The net effect should be some upward pressure on rents and downward pressure on prices.

31   HARM   2005 Jul 21, 4:12pm  

Back to SactoQt's original point:
Don’t they say condo’s are the last thing to take off in a hot market and the first to fall?

Zephyr, you've experienced a lot of market ups and downs. Does this ring true to you?

32   Zephyr   2005 Jul 21, 4:16pm  

Yes.

33   Zephyr   2005 Jul 21, 4:27pm  

Generally, people prefer a house to a condo. Interest in buying condos goes up when houses become more expensive. Condos are to some degree a substitute good. They tend to catch the last froth of the market as first-time buyers struggle to buy something (anything?). When the music ends these buyers are the first to falter and condos decline more than homes.

Of course this pattern is not appropriately applied to markets where condos or co-ops are the norm, such as Manhattan.

On the supply side: Condos can be built in massive quantities and at the end of the cycle a glut can develop from overbuilding. Even in a market with strong and healthy real demand.

34   Peter P   2005 Jul 21, 4:29pm  

Zephyr, thanks for the insight. It makes a lot of sense now.

35   HARM   2005 Jul 21, 4:33pm  

That's what I figured, too, but it's even better hearing it from a seasoned pro.

36   Zephyr   2005 Jul 21, 4:38pm  

I would rather be young than seasoned. But I can't change that.

37   HARM   2005 Jul 21, 4:44pm  

_nod_ to Zephyr.

Well, they've come up with negative-amortizing loan products. How about negative-aging health products?

38   Zephyr   2005 Jul 21, 4:52pm  

Ponce de Leon never found it. But many continue to try. Actually, relative to most of history we live in a great time as far as health and longevity are concerned.

39   Peter P   2005 Jul 21, 5:06pm  

I think health is a lot more important than longevity. It is sad to be sick towards the later part of life.

40   Zephyr   2005 Jul 21, 5:11pm  

Indeed.

Time for this night owl to get some sleep.

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